瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇1
Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of Shenyang citizens.I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.Shenyang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang .
Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had come back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings.They were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang.Therefore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.
Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China.The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing.Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council.This palace is an emperor museum combining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.
This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,comprising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 buildings.The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section.The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese compound with three courtyards.The first courtyard is the office area.It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall.From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area.They all lay out on the same line.
The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color.They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders.Yellow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains.The combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth.
The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where Nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings.So Ancestor Temple is the most important.
Please follow me into the gate.This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge) on each side.The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremories.Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.
Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office.In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.
In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines lived.Here is the Phoenis Tower.It served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally.The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall.It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang.
Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai",which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.
Walking through the tower are the rear chambers.The one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and empress.The other four lying on both sides were fo concubines .Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease.His throne passed to his ninth son,Fulin.In early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground.The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag.The zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called"kang"in Chinese.In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through .Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard.This red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy Pole.Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows.It was said that Nuerhachi was savedby crows.Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.
Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines.Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,Fulin.Therefore ,she had a special status among the concubines.
The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi.This chimney was the highest one at that time.In Chinese ,the sound of chimeny"tong" is the same as that of unity.
To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.
After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we come to the eastern section.Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions.This part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace.Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.
Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the commanders at that time.Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period .Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner:red,blue,white and yellow banner.As the troops expanded quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner.This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army .
The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's reign.Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall(Jiayintang) in front,Prosperity Administration Stydy (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind.Book Souurce Pavilion(wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time,Si Ku Quan Shu.This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its complication started in 1773.This set of history books is composed of seven sections,more than 36,000 volumes.It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is.When finished,the sholecneyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China.The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost.This set is the only one well kept.But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library.We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles.In Chinese philosophy,black refers water.The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire.So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection .Good Proserty Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a couryard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays.
Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city .It is a good combination of diferent nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.And now we have to end our visiting ,I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation,goodbye.
瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇2
Hello, everyone! Please allow me to express a warm welcom#e on behalf of Shenyang citizens. I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace, where the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.
Shenyang Imperial Palace, Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang. Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accom#plished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had com#e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. They were Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang. Therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China. The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing. Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council. This palace is an emperor museum com#bining the architectural styles of the minorities of Man, Han and Mongolia. This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, com#prising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese com#pound with three courtyards. The first courtyard is the office area. It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall. From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area. They all lay out on the same line. The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate, also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color. They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. Yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. The com#bination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple (Taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where Nuerhachi's descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. So Ancestor Temple is the most important. Please follow me into the gate. This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion (Xiangfengge) on each side. The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments. Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office. In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. In accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.
Since we have visited the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visit to the place where empress and concubines lived. Here is the Phoenix Tower. It served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang. Look upward, we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai", which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated from Shengjing, the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in Chinese lunar calendar.
Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. This red pole is called Suolun pole, or Holy Pole. Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. It was said that Nuerhachi was saved by crows. Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines. Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, Fulin. Therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi. This chimney was the highest one at that time. In Chinese, the sound of chimney "tong" is the same as that of unity. To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden. After visiting the middle section of the palace, we com#e to the eastern section. Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall, flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions. This part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace. Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.
Now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the com#manders at that time. Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period. Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. As the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.
The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's reign. Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall (Jiayintang) in front, Prosperity Administration Study (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind. Book Source Pavilion (wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia com#piled at that time, Si Ku Quan Shu. This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its com#plication started in 1773.This set of history books is com#posed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. When finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China. The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. This set is the only one well kept. But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library. We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles. In Chinese philosophy, black refers water. The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. Good Property Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a courtyard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city. It is a good com#bination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.
And now we have to end our visiting, I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.
瀋陽故宮導遊詞英文版 篇3
各位遊客大家好，
我們此次遊覽的景點是世界文化遺產、國家 4A級景區、國家重點文物保護單位——瀋陽故宮。首先呢，我們一起來看一下瀋陽故宮的平面圖。
瀋陽故宮始建於公元1625年。先後經過三次大規模建設，形成了東、中、西三路格局。東路建立於清太祖努爾哈赤時期，主要建築是大政殿和十王庭;中路建於清太宗皇太極時期，主要的建築是大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮;西路呢，建於清乾隆年間，主要建築是戲台、嘉蔭堂、文溯閣和仰熙齋，它因存放《四庫全書》而聞名。那么作為我國現存最完好的兩座古代帝王宮殿之一呢，瀋陽故宮與北京故宮遙相呼應，卻又有著截然不同的建築風格。現在呢我們就來領略一下昔日皇宮的風采。
首先我們看到的是中路建築的大清門，它俗稱午門，也就是瀋陽故宮的正門。是當時文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太極接受群臣謝恩之處。那么這座門為什麼叫做大清門呢?正統的說法是清朝的國號為清，皇宮的正門就是國門，所以稱為大清門。還有一個傳說，這座木門呢在建成之後呢並沒有名稱，只是叫做大門。後來，皇太極改國號為大清，聽說北京明朝皇宮的宮門叫大明門，於是為了體現針鋒相對，就將此門命名為大清門。
我們穿過大清門，現在正面的建築就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗稱金鑾殿。崇德元年定名為崇政殿。它是皇太極日常處理軍政要務、接見外國使臣和邊疆少數民族代表的地方。
我們可以看到崇政殿為五間九檁硬山式建築，殿頂鋪黃琉璃瓦，鑲綠剪邊，那么請各位遊客注意的是殿頂的琉璃瓦，有去過北京故宮的朋友一定會清楚地記得北京故宮的琉璃瓦是黃色的，而瀋陽的琉璃瓦是黃色鑲綠剪邊。那么這是瀋陽故宮與北京故宮的重要差別之一。
我們走上月台。那么在月台兩側分別有用於計時的日晷，和用於存放標準計量單位的嘉量亭。我們看到在月台上呢還設有四口大缸，那么大家知道它們是做什麼用的嗎?那我告訴大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代稱它是“門海”，是皇宮中重要的防火設施，象徵缸中水多似海，可以鎮火災。
我們走上須彌座。抬頭看上方的牌匾是用滿文和漢文書寫的“崇政殿”。請遊客看左邊的滿文，我們有個形象的比喻“中間一根棍，兩邊都是刺，加上圈和點，就是滿文字兒”。那么瀋陽故宮的牌匾都是滿文在左，漢文在右。而北京故宮的牌匾都是漢文在左，滿文在右。那么這是瀋陽故宮與北京故宮的差別之二。
我們抬頭看崇政殿內上方懸掛的“正大光明”匾額，是由順治皇帝手諭的。下面呢是皇帝的寶座，據說寶座上繪製雕刻有8條金龍，再加上坐在寶座上的真龍天子，正好是中國古代最大的陽數九條龍。現在崇政殿呢，我們就遊覽到這裡。
眼前的雄偉建築呢，就是鳳凰樓。它建在3.8米高的青磚台基上，為三層歇山式建築。它原名翔鳳樓，是皇太極休息、宴會和讀書之所。我們看到正門上方懸掛的“紫氣東來”橫匾呢，是由乾隆皇帝手諭的。意思是大清朝國運強盛的福氣是從東方的盛京傳來的。那么鳳凰樓不僅是當時後宮的正門，又是當時盛京城的最高建築，所以有“鳳樓曉日”之稱，並被列為盛京八景之一。傳說呀當年站在鳳凰樓上就可以看到撫順城呢。
穿過鳳凰樓呢我們來到了一處院落，此處呢就是皇太極的後宮所在。我們正面的是皇太極的中宮“清寧宮”。它原名正宮，是瀋陽故宮中最具滿族住宅特色的建築。我們可以看到它的門呢開在靠東的一側。形如口袋，所以稱為“口袋房”。東一間呢是皇太極和孝端文皇后博爾濟吉特氏的寢宮，又稱暖閣。寢宮分為南北兩室，各有火炕又稱龍床。1643年，皇太極就在這裡‘端坐無疾而終’，終年52歲，後葬於昭陵。那么在東側第二間的窗下呢，設有兩口大鍋，它是用來乾什麼的呢?我來解釋一下，這兩口鍋是用來祭祀的。滿族人信奉薩滿教。人們將熱酒灌進豬的耳朵，如果豬耳朵有晃動即表示神靈已經接收該祭品。如果不動，則表示神靈不滿意，則本次祭祀活動不能在進行下去了。那么豬由於受到刺激就會搖頭，滿族人認為此時的豬已經通神，成為連線天地的媒介。於是呢就將豬宰殺後洗乾淨，切成大塊，放入北側的兩口大鍋里清水煮熟，那煮熟的肉呢就餓放入木槽中供奉給神靈享用，然後再分給參加祭祀的人們，稱為“吃福肉”，滿族人相信吃了福肉，福氣就會降臨到每個人的身上。
那么我們現在來到西一側的房間，西側呢三間通連，北、西、南三面搭成相連的環炕，稱為“萬字炕”，這裡既是皇帝舉行內宮便宴之處，也是滿族巫人薩滿為皇帝和國家祈神的地方。
清寧宮與漢族建築不同的地方還在於它的煙囪建在屋後，而且是從地面向上壘起的。一會我們在繞道後面看這個煙囪。清寧宮的這種“口袋房，萬字炕，煙囪建在地面上”的建築特點具有滿族特有的民族風格。
我們出了清寧宮呢，大家看到的這其他四座寢宮分別是：關雎宮、麟趾宮、衍慶宮、永福宮。我們下面逐一參觀。
關雎宮是皇太極一生中最寵愛的宸妃——海蘭珠的寢宮。海蘭珠是中宮皇后的親侄女，永福宮莊妃的親姐姐。海蘭珠嫁皇太極時已經26歲，但皇太極卻對海蘭珠有著很深的感情。海蘭珠由於親生的八皇子早逝，終日鬱鬱寡歡，在崇德六年病逝。在他死後兩年，皇太極也去世了，據說皇太極的早逝與兩年前宸妃的病逝有著密切的關係。
這是衍慶宮，是皇太極淑妃的寢宮，其女，被皇太極嫁給多爾袞為妻
這是麟趾宮，是皇太極貴妃娜木鐘的寢宮，其子博果爾曾在皇太極死後成為福臨皇位的最大競爭者。後成為朝中重臣。
我們最後來看看皇太極后妃中地位最低的永福宮。永福宮是莊妃博爾濟吉特氏的宮室。若論及對清政權的影響，莊妃的作用遠遠超過了其她四位后妃，被後人評價為清朝歷史上最有作為的后妃。莊妃也是中宮皇后的親侄女，關雎宮海蘭珠的親妹妹。莊妃以其卓越的政治才能，輔佐了三位皇帝成就大清的基業。康熙二十六年，莊妃病逝，享年75歲。成為清朝後宮中壽祿最長的女人。
大家看，在庭院的西南角立著的紅色木桿稱為索倫桿，木桿頂端有錫斗。滿族人稱它為“神桿”。它是用來餵養烏鴉的。那么遊客們是不是會疑問，為什麼滿族要祭祀烏鴉呢?其實這於一個關於烏鴉的傳說有關。滿族的先祖有一次在被仇家追殺時，曾絕望的躺在地上，這時恰巧一群烏鴉落在他的身上。仇家經過此地，認為烏鴉是不會在有活人的地方停留的，就這樣滿族的祖先得救了。後來滿族人為報答烏鴉救祖先一命的恩德，開始供奉烏鴉，祭祀的時候把豬的內臟放到錫斗里來供養烏鴉。
現在呢，我們看到的就是在清寧宮後的這根煙囪，也是當年瀋陽城內唯一的一根煙囪。寓意“一統江山”。大家數一下煙囪有多少層?……對一共有十一層，我告訴大家在十一層上面還有三塊磚。那么這怎么講哪?問大家一個小問題：清朝有多少位皇帝，又有多少位是壽終正寢的?……對清朝一共有12為皇帝。其中11位壽終正寢。末代皇帝溥儀只做了三年的皇帝。正好和這十一層零三塊磚“一統江山”吻合。
好了，朋友們瀋陽故宮我就為大家介紹到這裡，希望我的講解能給大家留下深刻的印象。現在大家可以自由活動30分鐘，30分鐘之後，我們在正門集合。