brush n. ①刷子，毛刷 ②畫筆 vt. 刷，擦
[特徵]
- he is cleaning his shoes with a brush.
他正在用刷子刷鞋。
- she brushed the tears from her face.
她擦去了臉上的淚。
[貼心叮嚀]
brush作“畫筆”講時，指的是像刷子一樣的“畫筆”，用來畫水彩或油畫。
[備考必背]
①重要詞組
brush off 拂去；刷去
- the dirt could be brushed off easily.
這個污點很容易刷掉。
brush up 複習；重溫
- i brushed up my french last night.
昨晚我複習了法文。
②構詞：toothbrush n. 牙刷
burn (burned, burned或burnt, burnt) v. ①燒，燒焦 ②點（燈） n. 燒傷，灼傷
[特徵]
- he burnt all the garden rubbish.
他把花園中的垃圾全燒掉了。
- he burnt the candles on the cake.
他點燃蛋糕上的蠟燭。
- he burned his tongue with red pepper.
他的舌頭被紅辣椒辣得很難受。
- she died of the burns that she received in the fire.
她死於火災中所受的灼傷。
[貼心叮嚀]
burn是中學階段非常重要的一個單詞，要仔細琢磨它的用法，另外它的詞組也非常重要。
[備考必背]
①雖然burn的過去式和過去分詞既可用burned也可用burnt，但兩者是有區別的。作定語時要用過去分詞burnt，而不用burned。如：
（誤）a burned house
（正）a burnt house
一座被燒毀的房子
②重要詞組
burn down 把……燒成平地，燒光
- the house was burnt down.
房子被燒成灰燼。
burn out 熄滅；燒壞
- the fire burnt out.
爐火熄滅了。
burn... to the ground 把……燒光（燒成平地）
- the house was burnt to the ground.
房子被燒成平地。
burst (burst, burst) v. 爆裂，爆發 n. 突然破裂，爆發
[特徵]
- the pipe burst and water spouted out.
管子破裂，水噴了出來。
- the hall was bursting with people.
大廳里擠滿了人。
- when i told him about the bad news, his heart burst.
當我告訴他這個壞訊息時，他的心都碎了。
- i heard a burst of laughter in the room.
我聽到房間裡發出一陣笑聲。
[貼心叮嚀]
burst是個非常重要的單詞，因為它的詞組較多且容易混淆，所以常委各類考試所偏愛。
[備考必背] 重要詞組
burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑
- i don't know why she burst into tears.
我不知道她為什麼突然大哭起來。
burst out cryjing/laughing 突然大哭/大笑
- they burst out laughing when they heard the news.
他們聽到這個訊息後突然大笑起來。
burst into 突然闖入
- her husband burst into the room.
她的丈夫突然闖入了房間。
burst forth 突然發生/爆發
- his anger burst forth like a fire.
他的怒火突然像火一樣迸發出來。
bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋
[特徵]
- many workers were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
礦上發生意外事故時，許多礦工都被埋在了地下。
[貼心叮嚀]
bury這個單詞很容易理解，大家要記住這裡的重要詞組。
[備考必背]
①重要詞組：bury oneself in (doing)... 埋頭於……
- he buried himself in his work.
他埋頭於自己的工作。
②派生詞：burial n. 埋葬；葬禮
a burial service 葬禮
- his burial took place last sunday.
他的葬禮上禮拜天舉行了。