classify 題型要求考生根據文章內容來確定問題中的句子屬於哪一類。有時是根據人物分類，比如，文章中可能會列舉幾位科學家就某一問題的不同研究和發現，請你按照人物的觀點來將其分類；有時是按照特徵來歸類，如，文章中會列出幾種事物的一些特徵進行對比，請你根據事物的屬性特徵來分類；或者，還可以根據時間、地點、事件來分類等等。總之，要按照事物發生、發展的某一個特徵來分類，縷出線條，把屬於同一類的句子找出來。
做分類練習要掌握這樣一個要領：即先讀文章後面的問題，找到分類的標準，也就是說，看題目要求你按照什麼標準來分類，再去閱讀找答案。假設題目的問題是按照三個人物來分類的，那么，閱讀時，就要有意識地將與這三個人物有關的關鍵句子和內容用不同的符號標出來。這樣，文章的脈絡就自然地分成了三個部分，根據問題中各個句子的內容來判斷其所屬類別也就容易多了。又如，題目如果要求根據年代來分類，就可通過找文中的時間入手來定位要找的信息點。
但是，要注意，有的特徵可能既屬於a 又屬於b，所以在做題時一定要認真閱讀，包括題目要求，把握住關鍵的詞語，這樣才不會有疏漏。
下面，讓我們一起來做sample exercise。
sample exercise
the nature of things
there is something ethereal about human intelligence, something hard-to-pin-down. it's hard even to define. is intelligence the ability to reason? does it have to do with memory? is it aptitude with language? with mathematics? all of the above? plenty of folks would go so far as to say that you just can't measure intelligence. take the man credited with creating modern intelligence testing, french psychologist alfred binet, who wrote: "intellectual qualities are not superposable and therefore cannot be measured as linear surfaces are measured." this business is complex and complicated, warned binet, not a thing, like the hundred yard dash, to have an objective outcome.
according to others, however, our picture of intelligence is perfectly lucid. many scientists believe that we long ago deciphered intelligence testing, thanks to a pair of early-century scientists, karl pearson and charles spearman, whose work created a means of quantification.
modern intelligence testing is coming up on its one-hundredth birthday, but unlike many of the landmark scientific ideas of a century ago, the idea of testing intelligence, though it has certainly enjoyed moments of prosperity during the twentieth century, has failed to gain a consensus of believers in the sciences. in fact, those scientists who most focus their attention on intelligence are more fractured now than ever about our ability to measure it—and our methods of doing so. where we are, finally, is really where we've been from the outset: confronting the dubious nature of testing, its misuse and sometimes sordid history, and its uncertain future.
the first real scientific attempt to study human intelligence began in the early nineteenth century, with the strange (by today's standards) idea that the measurement of skulls revealed something of intellect.
the thinking went that the larger the skull, the larger the brain, and the larger the brain, the higher the intelligence. this idea, called craniometry, was borne from an earlier science called phrenology, in which folds of the brain were associated with intellectual properties. the theory amounted to little more than a sneaking suspicion that the brain had something to do with intelligence and psychological functions.
until this point, the concept of intelligence had been the sole province of philosophers like descartes and locke, whose speculation raised many interesting questions about man's consciousness and ability to reason. but their era lacked the tools of investigation necessary to explore those ideas empirically.
it wasn't until the nineteenth century that the development of scientific tools began to bring forth an ever-expanding arsenal of gadgets and ideas with which to combat the centuries of ignorance. with these new tools came a firm belief that everything could be explained -- the formation of continents, the stars -- even human intelligence.
matching the following findings (1-7) with the scientists (a-c) below.
a. alfred binet
b. karl pearson and charles spearman
c. descartes and locke
1. intelligence cannot be measured.
2. speculated about man’s ability to reason
3. was the creator of modern intelligence testing.
4. whose research helps the understanding of human intelligence
5. whose work provides a way for intelligence measurement
6. cannot have empirical evidence to support the speculation
7. the measurement of human intelligence cannot have an objective outcome.
拿到文章後，我們先看後面的問題。問題中列出了分類標準，即按照以下三個人物（人物小組）進行分類。
a. alfred binet
b. karl pearson and charles spearman
d. descartes and locke
接下來的7個句子是關於上面這些人物的描述、他們的觀點以及他們的研究成果及其產生的意義等。根據這三個人物（人物小組）的分類我們來閱讀文章，並且用不同的記號將關於上述人物的描述標出來。
在第一段中我們發現有alfred binet出現，所以我們就要把後面的這幾話用特定的符號標出來，如：
a:((take the man credited with creating modern intelligence testing, french psychologist alfred binet, who wrote " intellectual qualities are not superposable and therefore cannot be measured as linear surfaces are measured." this business is complex and complicated, warned binet, not a thing, like the hundred yard dash, to have an objective outcome.))
之後，我們又分別找到了b，c 兩組任務所在的段落以及關於他們的描述：
b: ((many scientists believe that we long ago deciphered intelligence testing, thanks to a pair of early-century scientists, karl pearson and charles spearman, whose work created a means of quantification.))
c: ((until this point, the concept of intelligence had been the sole province of philosophers like descartes and locke, whose speculation raised many interesting questions about man's consciousness and ability to reason. but their era lacked the tools of investigation necessary to explore those ideas empirically. ))
根據以上我們找到的內容，就可以開始做題了。
首先，我們看第一題：
1. the measurement of human intelligence cannot have an objective outcome.
從a 段中，我們看到這樣的詞語：intellectual qualities, cannot be measured, this business is , not a thing, to have an objective outcome。這些詞與第一題的意思相符，因此我們選a。
同樣，我們從a段落中的‘this business is , not a thing, to have an objective outcome’可以推出第七題的意思，因此，第七題也應該選a。
第三題是‘the creator of modern intelligence testing’。我們在a 段的開始就看到這樣的詞句：‘the man credited with creating modern intelligence testing’意思就是 the man who created the modern intelligence testing, 與第三題的意思相符。所以這道題也選擇a。
接下來，我們再來看第四題，whose research helps the understanding of human intelligence.’。從b段落中，我們發現了這樣的語句：deciphered intelligence testing, thanks to, karl pearson and charles spearman。這裡，一個關鍵的詞就是 'deciphered'，願意為‘破譯密碼’，在這裡可以理解為‘幫助別人理解’。這樣一來，就剛好和第四題的意思相同，因此應該選b。
同樣，我們發現b段落中的另一句話‘whose work created a means of quantification.’恰好是第5題的同義說法。這裡，關鍵是要把握住 'a means of quantification' 的意思，即，一種量化的方法，一種能夠把抽象的東西具體化的方法，即可以理解為一種測量智慧型的方法：a way for intelligence measurement。 因此，第5題應該選b。
第二題是‘speculate about man's ability to reason。’。在c 段落中，我們可以看到這樣的語句： speculation, about man's consciousness and ability to reason. 這裡，我們應該找到一種小竅門：當原句中的詞語與選項中的詞語為同源詞時，就象speculate和 speculation，就很有可能是要選的答案，當然，這也需要根據句中其它詞語的意思來判斷。就象這一句，我們就應該選c。
同樣，在第六題中，我們看到了 lacked the tools of investigation necessary to explore those ideas empirically. 意思是缺乏探索那些觀點的實際調查，因此，這與問題選項中cannot have empirical evidence to support the speculations 即：‘無法提供支持這些觀點的實際證據’意思相符。這裡，可以看到empirical與empirically這樣一對詞也給了我們一些提示。因此應該選c。
總之，在做分類練習時，要根據問題將文章理出條理，並在此基礎上將選項中的句子與原文中的相關語句進行比較,主要是找到同義詞、近義詞、同源詞，從而發現句子之間的聯繫，找到正確答案。