判斷關係代詞與關係副詞

方法一: 用關係代詞,還是關係副詞完全取決於從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞後面無賓語,就必須要求用關係代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關係副詞。例如:
  this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.
  i'll never forget the days when i worked together with you.

  判斷改錯(註:先顯示題,再顯示答案,橫線;用不同的顏色表示出。)
  (錯) this is the mountain village where i visited last year.
  (錯) i will never forget the days when i spent in the countryside.
  (對) this is the mountain village (which) i visited last year.
  (對) i'll never forget the days (which) i spent in the countryside.

習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關係副詞 where, when聯繫在一起。此兩題錯在關係詞的誤用上。

  方法二: 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關係代詞/關係副詞。
例1. is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
  a. where b. that  c. on which  d. the one
例2. is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
  a. whereb. that  c. on whichd. the one
答案:例1 d,例2 a

例1變為肯定句: this museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2變為肯定句: this is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關係代詞,所以應選d。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點,既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對,所以選a。
關係詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關係代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應選擇關係副詞 ( where 地點狀語,when 時間狀語,why 原因狀語) 。