大昭寺的導遊詞 篇1
各位朋友大家好,我是你們此行的導遊小李。歡迎來到美麗的日光之城拉薩。
拉薩是中國西藏自治區首府,已有1300多年的歷史,是全區政治,經濟,文化,宗教的中心。它位於西藏高原中部,海拔3650米,四面環山,地勢平坦,氣候溫和,全年日照時間約3000小時,故有日光城美譽。
在公元七世紀中葉,松贊乾布在這裡建立了吐蕃王朝。唐朝時,文成公主進藏後建議用白山羊背土填湖建廟。寺廟建成之後為紀念建寺和山羊的功勞,於是就將寺廟命名為惹薩,後來呢又成為了這座城的名字,並演化為拉薩,意為羊土城。
上千年來,這裡曾幾度成為西藏政教活動中心,於是拉薩成為名副其實的神聖之地。在一般人的印象中,拉薩是由布達拉宮、八角街、大昭寺、色拉寺、哲蚌寺以及拉薩河構成的,但西藏人認為,嚴格意義上的拉薩只是指布達拉宮,大昭寺和圍繞大昭寺而建立起來的八角街。接下來就讓我帶領大家遊覽真正的拉薩把。
我們現在所看到的就是舉世聞名的布達拉宮了,是不是感覺很震撼呢。
布達拉是藏語譯音,即普陀羅。相傳,藏傳佛教徒認為紅山可與觀世音的聖普陀羅山媲美,就把它比作第二普陀羅山。
布達拉宮建於公元七世紀,是藏王松贊乾布為遠嫁西藏的文成公主建的。修建殿室999間,連同原有建築紅樓共1000間。它是當今世界上海拔最高、規模最大的宮殿式建築群,海拔3700多米,占地36萬平方多平方米。
說了那么多,大家還不知道布達拉宮是由哪幾部分組成的呢。布達拉宮城包括四大部分:紅宮、白宮、山後的龍王潭,還有山腳下的雪。
紅宮為歷世喇嘛靈塔殿和各類佛堂,位於整個建築的中心和頂點。白宮合抱紅宮,有歷世喇嘛的宮殿、大經堂、西藏原地方政府噶廈和僧官學校等。龍王潭為布達拉宮後園,園林中心有一面積較大的潭水,潭中有小島,島上建有龍王宮和大象房等。雪在布達拉宮腳下,安置有西藏原地方政府噶廈的監獄,印經所、作坊及馬廄。
布達拉宮始建初期規模並不如現在這樣宏大的,是經日後的不斷擴建,規模才逐漸擴大。幾世喇嘛先後都參與了宮殿的擴建與設計,前前後後耗資可謂巨大。直到1936年十三世喇嘛的靈塔殿建成後,才形成布達拉宮現在的規模。至此,它就像一個神秘的符號,吸引無數人義無反顧地投奔西藏而來。有幸進入到布達拉宮的人都是非常幸運的。
大家看這座建築,有沒有覺得異常的光彩奪目呢,這就是著名的大昭寺了。大昭寺位於拉薩市中心,距今已有1350年的歷史了。是西藏現存最輝煌的吐蕃時期的建築,始建於公元647年,由松贊乾布、唐文成公主和尼泊爾尺尊公主共同興建,經歷多次擴建,才形成了如今占地25100多平方米的宏偉規模。寺里有20多個殿堂,主殿高四層,鎦金銅瓦頂,輝煌壯觀。具有唐代建築風格,也吸取了尼泊爾和印度建築的藝術特色。
關於大昭寺的來歷有這樣一段傳說。那是1320__年前,那時的拉薩還是一片荒原與湖沼。藏王為了供奉尼泊爾尺尊公主帶來的8歲釋迦牟尼等身像,想在這裡建一座寺廟。相傳,寺廟是白天建起,夜裡就倒塌。寺廟是一直建不起來。後來文成公主來到了這裡,因為懂得陰陽八卦,就解釋說,整個青藏高原是個仰臥的羅剎女。這個魔女呈人形,頭朝東腿朝西仰臥著。大昭寺所在的湖泊正好是羅剎女的心臟,湖水乃其血液。所以文成公主說想建寺必須先填湖,首先把魔女的心臟給鎮住。然後她還同時推薦了另外十二個小寺廟在邊遠地區,鎮住魔女的四肢和各個關節,共建了十三座寺院。
值得一提的是,現在大殿正中供奉著的是文成公主從長安帶來的釋迦牟尼12歲等身鍍金銅像。尼泊爾尺尊公主帶去的8歲釋迦牟尼等身像則在八世紀被轉奉在小昭寺里。
藏族人稱頭戴王冠的釋迦牟尼像為“覺臥”。朝聖者都用前額碰一下“覺臥”的膝蓋,認為可以為自己、為朋友、甚至為朋友的朋友祈禱。偏遠地區來的信徒替同村人給“覺臥”獻上捎來的哈達,就像給“覺臥”帶口信一樣。
大昭寺是藏傳佛教的信仰中心,寺廟終日香火繚繞,信徒們虔誠的在叩拜,萬盞酥油燈長明,這些都記錄著朝聖者永不止息的足跡。
參觀完了大昭寺當然的看看我們古老又熱鬧的八角街了。現在大家是否已經感受到了濃郁的藏族生活氣息了呢?
八角街是帕廓街的音誤。帕廓的意思是圍繞大昭寺的街道。八角街呈圓形,仿佛是一座巨大的時鐘,輝煌壯麗的大昭寺就是鍾軸。按西藏佛教徒的說法,以大昭寺為中心繞一周稱為“轉經”,以示對供奉在大昭寺內的釋迦牟尼佛之朝拜。八角街還是藏傳佛教信徒轉經的最主要的線路,每天都有磕著三步等身長頭的人來到這裡到大昭寺前朝拜佛祖。這些朝聖者有些甚至是十幾歲的孩子。他們往往都是真正從幾千里外一步一長頭磕到拉薩來朝佛的。不但路途遙遠,而且又不能打零工掙錢,為了朝聖,他們在途中必須忍受十分清苦的生活。
八角街是西藏著名的商業中心,是西藏重要的商品集散地。目前,八角街內有120多家手工藝品商店和200多家攤點。在這裡可以淘到各式各樣的好東西,各類藏飾,尼泊爾首飾,小工藝品,地毯,唐卡等。當然這裡也是美食的天堂。藏餐最富特色。全國各地各種口味的蔡也有。
好了我的講解呢就到這結束了,希望大家在拉薩玩的開心。
大昭寺的導遊詞 篇2
女士們、先生們:
首先歡迎大家到拉薩旅遊,我是你們拉薩之旅的導遊王彬,大家可以叫我小王或小彬,皮膚有點黑,是常年在高原的原因吧,但這可是健康的皮膚喲,坐在我旁邊的就是我們的衛士級人物了,扎 西 德 勒師傅了,大家可以簡稱他是扎德師傅,扎西德勒的意思是- - 吉 祥 如 意,希望各位遠道而來的客人們也能事事順心,吉祥如意。現在我們的目的地是藏學文化最為渾厚,的神地,也是世界上海拔最高,規模最大的宮殿群----布達拉宮,現在汽車距布達拉宮還有一段車程,大家可以一邊觀賞車外的高原風光,一邊聽小王我介紹一下布達拉宮的情況。
“布達拉”是藏語譯音,即“普陀羅”。相傳,藏傳佛教徒認為紅山可與觀世音的聖普陀羅山媲美,就把它比作第二個普陀羅,布達拉宮由此得名。布達拉宮是一座集宮殿與寺院與一體的古建築群主樓高13層,高113米,海拔3700米;面積約12萬平方米。布達拉宮始建於公元7世紀,是藏王松贊乾布為迎娶的唐朝文成公主而建。,修建殿室999間,連同原有建築紅樓共1000間。1645(藏曆木虎年)五世喇嘛完成西藏地區統一,為宣布重建布達拉宮,以後布達拉宮又多次增修與改建,始具今日規模。布達拉宮城包括四大部分:紅宮、白宮、山後的龍王潭和山腳下的“雪”。在藏傳佛教中宣傳的有“三界”之說。我們可以看到布宮的整體布局,把紅宮、白宮和“雪”由上而下分作三個層次段縱向排列,充分體現了藏傳佛教的“三界”之說。好了,我們到了布達拉宮前廳廣場了,請大家帶好行李,隨我下車。布達拉宮整體為石木結構宮殿外牆厚達2~5米,基礎直接埋入岩層。牆身全部用花崗岩砌築,高達數十米,每隔一段距離,中間灌注鐵汁,進行加固,提高了牆體抗震能力,堅固穩定。沿著這些階梯向上,我們就可以到布達拉宮的薩松郎傑了,階梯比較多又是在高原,所以大家慢點。
我們現在已上到布達拉宮最高的殿堂,這裡被稱為薩松朗傑(意為勝界),宮殿內供的是乾隆皇帝的畫像,畫像前供有皇帝“萬歲”的牌位,牌位用漢、藏、滿、蒙4種文字書寫。向西來我們就到了其美甘丹殿堂,此殿建於1690年,是六世____倉央嘉措的經堂。六世____是西藏歷史上的著名人物,25歲時,成為上層統治階級爭權犧牲品的倉央嘉措,開始了自己的流浪生活。
先後流浪到青海、甘肅、蒙古、四川、印度、尼泊爾等地,曾當過乞丐,送過屍體,生活極為艱苦。由於接觸過廣大的勞動人民,有豐富的生活實踐,他從而寫出著名的詩歌集,這部詩歌現在被網路熱傳,就是《倉央嘉措情歌》,記得有首舒緩的詩,《見與不見》你見,或者不見我 我就在那裡 不悲不喜觀過其美甘丹,我們來這邊看看宮殿長廊,布達拉宮內部繪有大量的壁畫,構成一座巨大的繪畫藝術長廊,先後參加壁畫繪製的近有二百人,先後用去十餘年時間。壁畫的題材有西藏佛教發展的歷史,無世達喇嘛生平,文成公主進藏的過程,我們現在對布達拉宮的主體建築的功能、歷史背景及其地位、文化價值都有了大致的了解,相信會給大家留的印象是深刻的。事實上,以布達拉宮價值論,幾乎是用金子堆起的宮殿,它的整體布局顯示了佛法的神威,鼓勵人們迴避現實矛盾,一心追求超脫塵世,飛向佛國的境界,布達拉宮的建築藝術,主要顯示了藏族傳統的建築形式和石木結構等風格,同時也吸收了漢族方面的梁架、斗拱、金頂、藻井等特色。
它不僅是藏族勞動人民智慧的結晶,也是藏漢人民團結協作的佐證。為了更好的保護布達拉宮這一民族文化遺產,1961年國務院把它列為全國重點文物保護單位,每年撥款維修,特別是1989年,國家對布達拉宮進行歷史性的維修,歷時5年,先後投資5300萬元,派出10多個省、區的150多位專家技術人員直接參加維修工程,維修部位100餘處,維修規模是布達拉宮重建後(320__年來)最大的一次。工程本著整舊如舊的原則,對這一民族遺產進行及時有效搶救,使古老的布達拉宮更具魅力。
大昭寺的導遊詞 篇3
Ladies and gentlemen
First of all, welcome to Lhasa. I'm Wang Bin, the tour guide of Lhasa. Youcan call me Xiao Wang or Xiao bin. My skin is a little dark, which is the reasonwhy I'm on the plateau all the year round. But it's healthy skin. Sitting nextto me is our guard, master zaxidler. You can call him master zaxidler for short.Zaxidler means -- Good luck and good luck. I hope all the guests who come fromafar will have good luck. Now our destination is Potala Palace, the highest andlargest palace group in the world with the most profound Tibetan culture. Nowthe car is still a short drive away from Potala Palace. You can enjoy theplateau scenery outside the car while listening to Xiao Wang's introduction toPotala Palace.
"Potala" is a Tibetan translation, namely "Putuo". According to legend,Tibetan Buddhists believe that Hongshan is comparable to Guanyin's Mount St.Putuo, so they compare it to the second Putuo, hence the name of Potala Palace.Potala Palace is an ancient building group integrating palaces and temples. Themain building is 13 stories high, 113 meters high, 3700 meters above sea level,and covers an area of 120000 square meters. Potala Palace was built in the 7thcentury in order to marry Princess Wencheng of Tang Dynasty. 999 rooms werebuilt and 1000 red mansions were built. 1645 (the year of Muji in Tibetancalendar) V completed the unification of Tibet. In order to announce thereconstruction of the Potala Palace, the Potala Palace has been renovated andrebuilt many times since then, and it has begun to take on today's scale. ThePotala Palace City consists of four parts: the Red Palace, the White House, theDragon King pool behind the mountain and the "Snow" at the foot of the mountain.In Tibetan Buddhism, there is the theory of "three realms". The three realms are"desire", "desire" and "nothingness". We can see the overall layout of thebugong, which divides the Red Palace, the White House and "Snow" into threelevels from top to bottom, and arranges them vertically, which fully embodiesthe theory of "three realms" of Tibetan Buddhism. OK, we are at the front hallsquare of Potala Palace. Please take your luggage and get off with me. Theoverall structure of Potala Palace is made of stone and wood. The outer wall ofthe palace is 2-5 meters thick, and the foundation is directly embedded in therock. All the walls are built of granite, up to tens of meters high. Iron juiceis poured into the middle of the walls every certain distance for reinforcement,which improves the anti-seismic capacity of the walls and makes them firm andstable. Up these stairs, we can get to Sassoon Langjie in Potala Palace. Thereare many stairs and they are on the plateau, so please slow down.
Now we have reached the highest Hall of Potala Palace, which is calledsasonglangjie (meaning Shengjie). Inside the palace is a portrait of EmperorQianlong. In front of the portrait is a memorial tablet of the emperor "longlive". The memorial tablet is written in Chinese, Tibetan, Manchu and Mongolian.To the west, we come to the qimeigandan hall, which was built in 1690 and wasthe Sutra Hall of the sixth emperor Cangyangjiacuo. At the age of 25,Cangyangjiacuo, the victim of the upper ruling class, began his wanderinglife.
He wandered to Qinghai, Gansu, Mongolia, Sichuan, India, Nepal and otherplaces successively. He once worked as a beggar and sent corpses. His life wasextremely hard. Because of his contact with the working people and rich lifepractice, he wrote a famous collection of poems. This poem is now popular on theInternet, which is "cangyang Jiacuo love song". I remember a soothing poem, "seeor don't see" you see or don't see me, I'm not sad or happy there After watchingits beautiful Gandan, let's take a look at the palace corridor. There are alarge number of murals inside the Potala Palace, which constitute a huge Galleryof painting art. Nearly 200 people have participated in the mural painting,which has taken more than ten years. The themes of the murals include thehistory of the development of Buddhism in Tibet, the life of wushida Lama andthe process of Princess Wencheng's entering Tibet. Now we have a generalunderstanding of the function, historical background, status and cultural valueof the main building of Potala Palace. I believe it will leave a deep impressionon you. In fact, according to the value theory of Potala Palace, it is almost apalace made of gold. Its overall layout shows the divine power of Buddhism, andencourages people to avoid contradictions in reality, pursue transcendence andfly to the realm of Buddhism, The architectural art of the Potala Palace mainlyshows the traditional Tibetan architectural form and the style of stone and woodstructure, and also absorbs the characteristics of the Han nationality, such asbeam frame, Dou Gong, Jinding, caisson and so on.
It is not only the crystallization of Tibetan working people's wisdom, butalso the evidence of Tibetan and Han people's unity and cooperation. In order tobetter protect the Potala Palace, a national cultural heritage, the StateCouncil listed it as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 1961, andallocated funds for maintenance every year. Especially in 1989, the statecarried out a historic maintenance of the Potala Palace, which lasted for fiveyears, invested 53 million yuan, and sent more than 150 experts and techniciansfrom more than 10 provinces and regions to directly participate in themaintenance project, with more than 100 maintenance parts The scale ofmaintenance is the largest since the reconstruction of the Potala Palace. Inline with the principle of keeping the old as it is, the project has carried outtimely and effective rescue of this national heritage, making the ancient PotalaPalace more attractive.