GRE作文的遣詞造句

  gre作文的遣詞造句:ets的6分標準

paper presents a cogent, well-articulated analysis of the complexities of the issue and demonstrates mastery of the elements of effective writing.
--develops a position on the issue with insightful reasons and/or persuasive examples
--sustains a well-focused, well-organized discussion
--expresses ideas clearly and precisely
--uses language fluently, with varied sentence structure and effective vocabulary
--demonstrates superior facility with the conventions (grammar, usage, and mechanics) of standard written english but may have minor flaws

回應一些同學:

  前面三點都是再說文章的思想分析性的重要性!畢竟!我們寫的是analytical 的東。但是 在第四點~ets很明顯的提出了語言的要求~這兩天把自己以前的一些歸納拿出來但是很多同學對歸納有否定的意見~認為歸納是一種滑稽的行為~認為在作文考試中應該運用合適 的辭彙~而不是運用大 詞~我對於這個非常贊同~但是 ~畢竟很多的名詞~形容詞~動詞~假如我們不斷的重複~產生的效果只能是非常幼稚~我對於辭彙的看法不是追求複雜追求難~而我的歸納也僅僅為了大家同意替換提供一個小小的幫助~希望有些同學不要誤解了我的意思扭曲了我的初衷~我也是追求用詞的多變和新穎並且貼切~並且~不瞞大家~我自己也沒背完紅寶書。

我的一些看法:

  gre作文之所以難,首先我們看到的是字數,但是gre作文的深度恰恰是更難的東西,說到深度,gter中有想法有深度的人物大有人在,小弟也就不在此獻醜,自己的文章也總是被前輩們“滿江紅”,但是偶爾有人稱讚小弟還可以,真是不敢當啊,看過ets的範文,看過網路上面的很多百寶箱,老外280,孫遠等等,大家總是在驚呼別人的文章之美,但是,在我看來中國人寫的文章大部分都是遠遠不及native speaker的水平,當然也有例外,art of life,一個中國人林語堂的文章居然能夠排在紐約時報best seller的位置上面n個星期,一個用外語寫的中國人處事的哲學散文,有這個成績,確實不簡單,當然我也看過不少除了孫遠之外包凡一,莊子等等新東方老師寫的文章,遣詞造句不是簡單的玩意,寫作更加是一門深奧的學問,對於一個大學生,一個考g的學生,我們是不是需要如此深奧的水平才能寫出一個上4分以上的作文呢?在我看來不需要。有的文章很華麗,有的文章很流暢,有的文章很有思想,有的文章讓人感動。對於aw來說,這四點能夠做到,就已經很六分了,雖然說aw代表著分析性寫作,但是,一篇好的文章,不會因為其論證性,淪為一道數學題,流暢,深邃,感動,這不是每一篇文章都能夠做到的,問題的深刻總會限制人的思考的水平,影響著寫作的效果,而感動,更加是難得。對於思想比較深刻或者不深刻的同學for example: me,對於題目的理解還有對於破題的效果這個是需要慢慢的加強的。

  但是對於華麗來說,真正的好文章這一點並不是必需,華麗只不過是我們賣弄寫作的一個工具而已,我們不是用英語思考的人,在思維上這個是必然會輸給外國母語的學生,所以,我們能夠做的就是在思想上,再用詞上,在句型上下功夫,對於思想上面,前面已經說了,要多練多思考,當我們把gre裡面的題目都想過一遍的時候,我們人生的很多問題,就已經解決了,(為什麼還有一些呢?主要是因為gre裡面不能涉及敏感問題,但恰恰我們的世界包含了太多的這樣的問題了)。所以,小弟今天談談自己對於遣詞造句的一點點看法,句子間的連貫,我現在還沒有資格去談,因為自己寫的時候也喜歡隨心所欲的寫。

  首先說用詞,我們都是考g的人了,但是很多從四六級上來的同學還是很喜歡用很多很多低級的辭彙,我們從國小看圖寫話到中學寫文章,無不運用著這些低級的辭彙,很多的辭彙我們都見過,但是從來沒有出現在我們的文章裡面,一說到’擁有’大家立刻想到的就是have, has偶爾有人想到own,但是表示擁有的辭彙實在是太多了,還有許許多多的表示擁有的辭彙,還帶著感情色彩,boast紅寶書的b裡面,這個甚至不是gre辭彙,托福辭彙都不算,頂多就是4,6級辭彙,我們一直以為他的意思是“以什麼為自豪”的意思,但是我們想想,以什麼為自豪,不就是因為擁有了才自豪么?於是這就是have 的一個同義詞,帶著自豪的色彩,可以褒義用也可以貶義用,還有什麼表示擁有呢?possess !或者be in possession of, 或者equip(更適合於表現抽象的東西,比如說什麼品質之類的),從字面意思來說,很多的單詞我們都不能夠聯繫起來,但是當我們讀到外國人寫的東西的時候,卻很容易理解,所以,更多的積累這樣的辭彙,對我們儘快突破,儘可能將自己的寫作展示給ets考官們是非常有幫助的,小弟在考aw的時候,一邊寫一邊總結了一些辭彙。希望對大家有幫助,讓一些高級的辭彙將我們國中國小就已經在用的辭彙統統換掉。顯示出自己的辭彙量大之餘,更好的變換辭彙,讓重複的詞語不再出現在我們的文章中,更多的辭彙可以讓我們更好的表達我們的意思。

  當然,我還有更加佩服的,很多鬼子寫文章都會用到很多我們不認識的短語,這些短語才是真正的地道的英語,假如說大家能夠對介詞敏感,用上一些大詞,一些精闢的短語,甚至一些有含義的俚語或者典故,這會對考官的視覺有深遠的影響。還有就是,對於gre考試的作文,多大的辭彙,你都不需要害怕用,只要你拼寫正確,對詞的理解也正確就可以,傳說愈敏鴻跟ets打官司的文案中80%都是gre辭彙,ets的人都需要查字典,但是,我們寫的作文是在電腦上面的(他們也可以用金山么,嘿嘿),可惜我們可能連六級的辭彙都不能隨心所欲得用,所以,我鼓勵大家在一般的辭彙基礎上面,寫作的時候可以添加gre,托福辭彙,更有甚者可以添加一兩個拉丁辭彙,法文辭彙,西班牙義大利辭彙,不要擔心考官看不懂,考官們能夠進來ets,一定是學語言的或者對於語言有深入地研究,這些人一定是學過外語的人,(只可惜中國人辭彙進入歐美的大部分是一些物質上面的包括dim sum點心,cheong-sam旗袍(長衫),等等都是香港人為中文在英語國家作的貢獻),當你熟練的運用的時候考官一定會對你佩服的五體投地,四腳朝天,心悅誠服。但是假如大家的辭彙量還處在非常低級的水平(最好的測試方法就是你說出跟very同意的詞有多少個,少於5個,你的寫作辭彙量都算低級或者亞低級),那么,用這些大詞的時候就要小心,如果你連spirit都不會用,卻突然冒出來一個zeitgeist,後面並且重複了5,6次的important都不會換,這樣考官就一定會懷疑你是為了用這個詞而用的。所以,要小心喔!

  但是,我們不能夠忽略,假如我們一旦不急得如何拼寫這些單詞的時候,我們切記一定要把這些單詞刪掉,也不要給別人看到錯誤,當然,假如你敢肯定的拼寫在考官看來只不過筆誤的話,那樣,你就盡情得用吧。

我對於ets一篇沒有寫完的範文的一點粗淺的看法

  思想性方面有很多人也評論過了~我僅僅對於其中的詞句有自己的一點點看法。"the media (books, film, music, television, for example) tend to create rather than reflect the values of a society."

  6---for our grandparents it occurred注意:人家用的事occur而不是take place or happen through films and books. for the baby boomers嬰兒潮~對於非美國人不熟悉其文化對於這個歷史背景並不了解~但是~baby boomer其實替換了our parents 避免和grandparents類似 it was a result of television and revolutionary並不直接說music而是加上了一個強烈的形容詞~表示音樂對於人的影響是巨大的~為後問的觀點作鋪墊 music. no matter how the impact小詞~出現並不是不好~但是人家後面就在很後面再 用了一次 took place, it is clear that since its very advent很明顯advent替換了beginning/start甚至連threshold都沒有用~而是一個名詞~可見作者對於用詞是非常講究的, the media have played a crucial同樣~一個小小的形容詞 role in not simply being representative of the values of our society but creating them as well.作者把not only but also的句型改變成為not simply but很明顯為了區別這個短語。這一段中,作者引題用了兩個for,for的對稱的句子並且對於媒體並沒有說出來~no matter一個很簡單的讓步~但是後面it is ...用了非常精當的"開始"的名詞形式的同義變換advent,在play role短語後面連線了not only but also的改變的形式~組裝出精煉的句子表達出自己的意見。

  during the roaring twenties americans found themselves in a struggle這個詞用得不錯!表示了一種困境~但是如果作者運用比喻說: trapped in the abyss of struggling我覺得可能會更加好 between the old ways of their ancestors and the new ways of the future. the once steadfast看到了吧。作者不用firm而是用了steadfast beliefs that men and women should not touch while dancing, and that ladies should not drink or smoke were suddenly being challenged巧妙!befief用了一個同位語從句~兩個句子連線在一起不單只不覺得累贅~而且非常通順~顯示了作者非常好的句子的多變~而且由於是belief作者後面用了challenged充分的為大環境作鋪墊. from where was all this rebellion stemming?作者來了一個設問句~很多同學喜歡在開頭的地方設問~restate~效果並不好~但是這裡作者用了一個短句設問~用到了rebellian stemming的比喻!可以看到作者對於修辭也有非常地道的見解 partly it was due to作者沒有運用我討厭的becasue of the returning一個名詞形式作為修飾詞 doughboys from the shores of europe bringing home revolutionary ideas they had encountered while at war用到了一個俚語doughboys~而後面不直接說從歐洲的戰場回來~而是用shores借代了諾曼第等等地方~用現在分詞而不用which的定語從句~這點能夠給我們很大的提示~我們很多同學喜歡定語從句~然後句子套句子~最終什麼都說不清楚~而encounter更加替換了face面對~當然這裡的revolutionary剛才已經用過!但是作者這裡運用是為了回應剛才的ideas~解釋了他的由來~用回revolutionary更好的標示出來是為了回應上文. nonetheless很明顯。沒有用我們經常運用的however, returning soldiers could not be held responsible for the social upheaval非常貼切! that america experienced. there had to be another cause, and there was, the media.長短句的結合效果就是這么好!用逗號把media隔開~突出了媒體的重要性~本科學英語的兄弟姐妹大約也學過這種現象~就是為了強調突出~但是我們卻很少能夠運用 although the films of the era era用得非常貼切~雖然這裡也犯了重複小小毛病如果前面首段用epoch的話就相當好了were silent they spoke volumes to the society for which they were created. women in these movies wore their hemlines a few inches shorter than the decade before them and they wore cosmetics to accentuate their new bobbed haircuts整個句子都不是我們非英語國家同學所能夠表達的!裡面的用詞hemilines/inches/cosmetics/accentruate/bobbed/haircuts都是我們學習的對象!但是不幸的是~我們即使學會用這些辭彙~也寫不出來這么自然的句子. the movies, as well as the books of that era, demonstrated作者替換了show/indicate等低級辭彙 a new materialistic 甚至這裡用了一個哲學辭彙!弓雖!attitude that america had never before experienced. films portrayed很明顯的替換了decribe而且更加精當 every character as having the money to buy a new car, drink, smoke and partake in the leisures of life, a philosophy一個同位語漂亮! that was soon adopted看到了~人家不用choose by the youth of the decade. the use of the media in the twenties was to serve as a catalyst for the revolutionary ideas that were circulatingbe to/ serve as我想大家一定懂什麼意思吧~但是很少自己用吧~serve as表達了根play ..role同樣的效果~但是請看後面~catalyst更加顯示出作者對於辭彙的掌握更重要的是辭彙對於觀點表達的深刻認識~. the films and books of that era sped小詞!這個就是native speaker和我們的區別~我們很少運用名詞作動詞用~這個就是需要積累歸納! america along its path小詞! of change that eventually led to the greatest social unrest用得漂亮! that the united states had ever known.

  unlike the twenties, the sixties and seventies utalized看到了吧!替換了use這個低級辭彙 the media in a way that appealed to吸引~替換了attract those searching for truth in a lost and confused world在world 前面加了lost and confused~非常好!但是其實還有更加好的~我個人認為complex and perplexed放在這裡也不錯~更加押韻~讀起來更加美. martin luther king jr. realized the impact of the media on society during his campaign for civil rights. king urged小詞的功力 his followers to withstand any abuse that they might encounter because the media will take their peacefulness into the homes of their society很少同學能夠舉例子在兩句話描寫出例子對於自己文章有用的地方~這裡peacefulness/abuse都用得很好~和可惜~encounter沒有注意重複了!可以confront. by doing so, king sucessfully began to change the traditional view of race這句話不算美~但是很少人用by doing表達自己的觀點~並且~運用了一個短句~和上面的長句相對應. americans began to sympathizegreat! with the protesters because of前面用了due to這裡替換了~雖然我也不太喜歡這個詞但是後面的詞用得很好! the undeserved turmoil這個用的好! they faced at the hands of the governmenthands of the government用了一個比喻的手法!. as a result,作者避免運用therefore/thus america relinquished 這個詞用得棒!替換了give up等等the jim crow laws 這裡體現了作者歷史知識的深刻and saw many other groups press for their individual rights as well. television cameras rolled as cesar chavez organized the migrant workers in california and as bella abzug and gloria steinham linked arms to protest the lack of women's rights.rolled用得好!而後面的比喻用得更好!裡面的歷史淵源更加使我們不可及!

  while the media helped to shapeshape用的好! some attitudes about racism and gender it also helped to uncover the truth behind government lies. during the nixon 很明顯,本文甚至沒有寫完,但是內部各種因素已經讓它具備了冠軍相了!雖然有用詞個別重複,但是,裡面的用詞是非常巧妙的,至於句型方面,長短結合,並且大家可以看看句子都不難,也沒有用到什麼倒轉現象,但是,全文流暢,小詞精當,這個就不是我們能夠學得到了!作者裡面運用的修辭最多是比喻,開頭段進行了一個對稱,也是不錯的!當然,如果再用上一些排比!押頭尾韻!來一點抒情的句子,那么文章將更加漂亮

下面的是ets對它的評論

  this is an outstanding response, even though it is not quite finished. the writer's views on the issue are so cogent, well articulated, and well developed that the writer was not penalized for failing to provide a conclusion. what matters is the quality of thinking and writing displayed, not whether an essay is totally finished or has a certain number of words.

  這一段對作者的文筆評論的好the writer's skill is apparent in the opening lines. the first words, "for our grandparents it occurred," immediately spark the reader's interest. the quick repetition of sentence structure and, once again, the intentionally vague use of "it" ("for the baby boomers it was") effectively draw the reader in. by the third sentence, we know that this essay will address the complexity of the issue ("not simply being representative??? but creating them as well") and that the writer is fully in command of this discussion.

  對於歷史的深刻了解~這個是我們很難做到的the rest of the essay addresses the influence of historical events and media on the values of modern society, from the "roaring twenties" to the "sixties and seventies." insightful analysis accompanies the historical references. for example, the writer persuasively argues that prominent figures (king, but also chavez, abzug, and steinham) advanced their social agendas by capitalizing on the power of the media to change public opinion.

  這裡也是對於語法句法的評論throughout the essay, the writer uses language and syntax effectively. word choice is precise ("cosmetics to accentuate their new bobbed haircuts"), sentences are structured to communicate ideas clearly ("there had to be another cause, and there was, the media"), and transitional phrases help move the argument forward ("unlike the twenties, the sixties????" and "by doing so, king successfully began to change the traditional view of race.")

  occasional errors do appear (e.g., note the lack of logical comparison in "women? wore their hemlines??? shorter than the decade before them"), but they are not intrusive.

  other 6 essays might be more fully developed; indeed, this essay would be stronger if the writer had gone on to discuss the media's role in nixon's watergate scandal and to bring the argument to its conclusion. however, even in its unfinished state, the essay does present an insightful, well-articulated discussion of the issue.

  且不說思想,好的語言,到位的辭彙,豐富的句型和用詞的變幻,精闢的修辭,上對歷史的深刻掌握。

  這就是一篇另類的沒有寫完的但是卻能夠拿到六分的文章。

  當然,用argument思維考慮,這得不到結論。但是,這難道不提示我們對於文筆的重要性么?