-不會分析長句結構，看不懂句意
近幾年的閱讀理解篇章中出現了很多長句，包括各種複合句、省略句、插入語等等，如果學生僅僅按單詞的順序讀，那么在駕馭長句、難句的理解上一定會有困難。建議大家採取“去除修飾成分，留下句子主幹”的辦法。如：
1.(2005遼寧，c篇)free video magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year)，with our director's selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes，down to $14.95. and you may receive special selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).
每四周免費的影像雜誌派送一次(每年有13次之多)，附帶《編者精選》，連同許多14.95美元的低價卡帶。而且您還可以收到每年四次寄送的《特別精選》。(每年有多達17次的購買機會)。這句話雖然長，但是主要結構是：free video magazine sent with sth，plus sth，其他多是狀語成分。
2.(2001北京春，b篇)scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科學家也發現了hominids原始人類牙齒上的斑痕和現代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。
3.(2006全國i，c篇)to use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不變的學習方法可能會弄巧成拙，減少學生的動力，尤其是這些方法過去失敗過。此句的主要結構是to do sth is self-defeating.後面的because引導的從句和especially短語都是狀語。
4.(2006北京，d篇)while parents，particularly mothers，have always been attached to their infants(嬰兒)，societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).雖然父母，尤其是母親總是對嬰兒懷有依戀，然而社會現實條件卻使這種依戀越來越難以保持。主句的主要結構：conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。從句中的while引導讓步狀語從句，意為“儘管，雖然”。
5.(2006天津，e篇)but the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time，and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations，is what is meant by an attitude.
態度的意義就在於：這種內在的狀態在一段時間內保持不變，而且能夠使個人在各種情景中都行為正常。這個長句含定語從句，去除定語從句剩下的就是主要結構了，即the internal state is what is meant by an attitude.
-辭彙方面的障礙
生詞或是“熟詞偏意”導致理解有誤。建議考生在目前最後的總複習衝刺階段，務必把《2007年高考英語考試大綱的說明》的辭彙一直有計畫地背到高考。閱讀篇章中生詞的比例在高考文章中有嚴格控制，而且在上下文中都有暗示或依據，所以考生還要加強通過上下文猜詞義的能力。
1.(2007年石家莊市質檢二，a篇)capital punishment is another form of punishment which systems use in extreme criminal cases，sometimes involving such crimes as a murder，rape，and violent theft.in these cases，the person is put to death.today，capital punishment is used in relatively few countries.many countries have done away with it.in other words，capital punishment remains only in officially law books but is rarely used.however，capital punishment remains in use in some countries including the united states.從下文看，無論如何也不能把capital理解成“首都”。
2.(2006北京，d篇)one of these premodern attachment-dis-couraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year.現代文明之前，一種減少對嬰兒依戀的做法就是在嬰兒存活到第二年才給其取名字。從構詞法猜at-tachment-discouraging的意思。dis-courage是“不鼓勵”的意思，at-tachment是“附屬，依戀”。
3.(2006全國ii，e篇)in the colorful used-clothing markets of tanzania，she realizes that “it is only in this final stage of life that the t-shirt will meet a real market，”where the price of a shirt changes by the hour and is different by its size and even color.在坦尚尼亞豐富的舊衣市場裡面，她意識到，t-shirt只有在其生命周期的最終階段才能碰到真正的市場。那裡，價格每小時都會變化，尺寸甚至顏色都導致了價格的不同。這句話是強調句型，it is…that…此句的主要結構是：t-shirt will meet are a real market in this final stage of life.in the final stage of life里沒生詞，但是學生不易理解，誰的finalstageoflife？從上下文看，絕不是“人”而是“舊衣服”依然在坦尚尼亞有消費市場。
4.(2002北京春，b篇)second，there is the problem of waste.all nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years.it is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive，and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented.for example，they may be buried under the ground…第二點，就是浪費的問題。多數情況下所有核電站廢棄物都會存在核輻射數千年，要使這些廢棄物不帶有輻射又是不可能的，所以核廢物必須用科學家們發明的一種方法來儲存處理。例如，可以把它們埋在地下……
5.(2006福建，e篇)the service is being constantly improved and a combination of better technology and increased investment following the easter floods of 1998 has led to the creation of floodline and an automatic(自動)messaging system that can warn thousands of people in very little time.服務質量不斷提高。優良的技術與1998年復活節洪水後投資增長的結合促成了管道感應器和自動報警系統的出現，這兩種設備可以在很短的時間內向成千上萬的人發出警告。考生要練習快速理解句中的意群，如automatic messaging system自動報警系統，a combination of…的結合。
基礎知識是否牢固是決定單句理解和做題速度的關鍵。最後建議大家多做近3年高考閱讀理解中的長、難句的英譯漢翻譯練習，確保關鍵句的理解無誤，這對提高全文的理解大有益處。