“羊”話連篇

一、常見知識點

1. 羊可分為綿羊(sheep單復同)和山羊(goat)。又可細分為:

  綿羊 山羊

公羊  ram he-goat

母羊  ewe  she-goat

小羊  lamb  kid

2. a flock of sheep 一群羊

3. wool 羊毛,(woolen)sweater/cardigan 羊毛衫,cashmere sweater 羊絨衫,mutton 羊肉, sheepskin 羊皮。

4. scapegoat 替罪羊,sheep and donkeys 懦夫和笨蛋,sheep‘s heart 膽小

二、習語

1. as well be handed for a sheep as (for) a lamb 一不做,二不休。

2. a wolf in sheep‘s clothing 披著羊皮的狼

3. a sheep in a tiger‘s skin — outwardly strong 羊質虎皮

4. cast sheep‘s eyes at sb. 對某人拋媚眼

5. follow like sheep 盲從

6. sheep without a shepherd 烏合之眾

7. the sheep and the goats 好人與壞人

8. black sheep 敗家子,害群之馬

9. stand out like a camel in a flock of sheep 鶴立雞群

10. after all, the wool still comes from the sheep‘s back— in the long run, whatever you‘re given,
 youu pay for it. 羊毛出在羊身上。

11. one scabbed sheep inflects the whole flock.(諺)一隻羊生瘡,整群羊遭殃。

12. it‘s never too late to mend. / it is not too late to mend the fold even after some of the sheep have
 been lost。 亡羊補牢,猶未為晚。

三、典故

1. black sheep 意譯:害群之馬

源於英國古代的迷信傳說。英國人總認羊是魔鬼的化身。另外,黑羊毛也不及牡羊毛值錢,常被視為“無用的次品”,因此,“黑羊”(black sheep)在英語中便有了“無用之人”、“不孝之子”、“敗家子”、“害群之馬”等轉義。例如:there are black sheep in every flock. (諺)一群馬中有劣種,一方水土有壞人。

2. separate the sheep from the goats 區分好人與壞人

源於《新約·馬太福音》第25章。當耶穌隨天使來到萬民面前時,他要把他們分開,就像牧羊人把綿羊和山羊分開一樣,他把綿羊(好人)置於右邊,山羊(壞人)置於左邊。右邊的人將受到天父的祝福而永生,左邊的人則會遭受煉獄的折磨。總之,羊的善良被人稱頌,羊的軟弱由人貶損,正體現了這個世界的矛盾性。連耶穌也稱作“好的牧羊人” (the good shepherd),足見羊在英語中的地位。