1)由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。 that只起連線主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語,例如:
主語:that he is still alive is sheer luck. 他還活著全靠運氣。
賓語:john said that he was leaving for london on wednesday. 約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。
表語:the fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。
同位語:the fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近來誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。
形容詞賓語:i am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你對工作滿意我感到很高興。
2)that-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that-從句置於句末,例如:
it is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整個計畫注定要失敗。
it's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關係:
a. it + be +形容詞+ that-從句
it is necessary that… 有必要……
it is important that… 重要的是……
it is obvious that… 很明顯……
b. it + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句
it is believed that… 人們相信……
it is known to all that… 從所周知……
it has been decided that… 已決定……
c. it + be +名詞+ that-從句
it is common knowledge that… ……是常識
it is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……
it is a fact that… 事實是……
d. it +不及物動詞+ that-分句
it appears that…似乎……
it happens that…碰巧……
it occurred to me that… 我突然想起……