讀名言佳句 學語法:主謂一致

英語句子中,主語的“人稱”和“數”要限制、決定謂語動詞的形式變化,這就叫“主謂一致”關係。它通常依據三項原則:語法一致、意義一致、就近一致。

主語為可數名詞單數,謂語動詞用單數。
that thing which is rare is dear.
物以稀為貴。
time is money.
時間就是金錢。
tomorrwo never comes.
切莫信賴明天。

主語為不可數名詞,謂語動詞用單數。
money is not everything.
金錢不是一切。
silence is golden.
沉默是金。
truth speaks in a language that is simple and direct.
真理用簡單明快的語言說話。

主語為可數名詞複數,謂語動詞用複數。
opportunities do not wait.
機會不等人。
painted pictures are silent speakers.
繪畫是無聲的語言。
roses have thorns.
玫瑰多刺。
tears and laughter are the language of the heart.
眼淚和笑聲是表現內心的語言。
walls have ears.
隔牆有耳。
bad excuses are worse than none.
狡辯比不辯護更糟。

主語為不可數名詞,謂語動詞用複數。
patience, time and money overcome everything.
有了耐心、時間和金錢,就沒辦不到的事情。
time and tide wait for no man.
歲月不待人。

主語為幾個可數名詞單數,謂語動詞用複數。
a wise man and a fool together know more than a wise man alone.
一個聰明人和一個傻子在一起,要比單獨一個聰明人知道的要多。

涉及群體名詞,就具體分析。
the best fish smell when they are three days old.
再好的魚三天也要變臭。

靠近原則。
there are tricks in every trade.
各行有各行的竅門。
there is a road from heart to heart.
兩心之間有通道。

某些不定代詞或人稱代詞,謂語動詞視情況而定。
every pleasure has a pain.
樂中有悲。
each man has his limitation.
人人都有自己的局限性。
everyhing has its time.
物皆有時。
all is well that ends well.
結果好,一切都好。
all are not merry that dance slightly.
跳著輕快舞步的人不一定都快樂。
nothing is cheap if you don't want it.
不需要的東西,再便宜也貴。

修飾主語的短語不影響主語的單複數,謂語動詞仍按主語進行判斷。
the first problem for all of us, men and women, is not to learn but to unlearn.
對於我們所有的人來說,不論男人和女人,首要的問題,不是學習,而是拋棄謬誤。

主語為從句和非謂語動詞時,謂語動詞用單數。
what we do willingly is easy.
願幫就不難。
saving is getting.
節約好比聚寶盆。