Strength of cultures: East and West

In particular, given the advanced IT and diversified management systems, co-operation and co-ordination within a community are becoming crucial for success.

One classic example is the Jewish people with their various achievements resulting from their unity and mutual help in addition to their abilities, thanks to the distinctive heritage of their religion and culture.

This has contributed greatly to the Jewish people's success in science and financial fields.

Likewise, Eastern societies generally treasure the wellbeing of the family and, by extension, that of the nation and the state. So the Chinese have been taught to emulate their ancient role models who would gladly be the first to bear hardships before everybody else and the last to enjoy comforts.

Therefore, it is imperative for Singapore to ensure that cultures of East and West complement each other for its own good, since a "rootless" society would be in great peril.

Nevertheless, Singaporeans should learn the "aggressiveness" and other strengths from the West to complement their own fine Eastern tradition, as suggested by Prof Yang.

Then we can hope to score even more and greater achievements in the coming century.

(The author is visiting professor of physics at NUS and member of Chinese Newspapers Resource Panel. Translated by Allen Zhuang)

東西文化的“長”與“短”

● 潘國駒
前幾天在香港召開的第三屆全球華人物理學大會上,諾貝爾獎得主楊振寧教授在他的發言中特別談到了21世紀中華文化(或東方文化)在科學領域內將起到什麼作用時,認為這是一個極為複雜的問題。

 

一方面東方社會,傳統上重視教育,同時也有強烈的家庭觀念。在這個基礎上,子女的教育顯得異常重要。


對日新月異的高科技發展,亞裔人士無疑將繼續成為科技界的重要一群,並做出貢獻。

 

另一方面,楊教授認為西方傳統與東方傳統有不同的內涵,他提出在美國的物理學界,會比較勇敢提出新的看法,敢於挑戰學術權威。

 

而且他認為幾乎所有的科學家們都很“aggressive”。他說“aggressive”並沒有中文譯詞,這說明在中國文化內沒有類似“aggressive”的作風或態度。

如果我們勉強地解釋,其中文意思為激進、攻擊性。也許可以概括為個人奮鬥的威猛作風。

 

面對21世紀的來臨,了解東西方文化的優點和缺點,對新加坡社會有很大的意義。

新加坡是亞洲的新興國家,多元種族,再加上深受西方文化及科技的衝擊,我們更應全面深入了解東西方文化的區別,分歧以及它們之間的融匯性。

 


正如楊教授提出,東方傳統重視教育,強調家庭觀念,這是東方文化的優點,因此我們不斷地培養,造就了許多科技人才。

 


儒家思想也提倡禮義廉恥,這種思想有幾千年的歷史,在東方社會根深蒂固。無疑這是優良的傳統,但在21世紀我們是否應為“禮義廉恥”及其有關的傳統作新的定位?新的詮釋?

 


從近年的經驗,我們深深地體驗到無論在西方社會或在新加坡過於謙虛、禮讓會吃許多虧。

因為我們面對的競爭者是受西方的傳統教育的學者,他們一個特點是儘量宣揚本身的長處。

在東方人看來是不謙虛的作法,從現實結果看,西方的作風是占優勢,不突出自己的成就,就不能生存,也不能發揮本身的才華。

東方倫理是否全部不符合現代高科技社會?答案是否定的。取得成就,對科技有突破,除了個人的智慧才華外,還需要多種因素。

 

 

尤其是資訊發達,管理多樣化的情況下,更需要社群的合作與協調。

※本文作者:佚名※