演講的四個目標
l 提供信息
to offer information;
l 使聽眾感到樂趣
to entertain the audience;
l 動之以情
to touch emotions;
l 使聽眾行動起來
to move to action;
演講切忌
1. 語速太快; talking too rapidly;
2. 聲音單調； speaking in monotone;
3. 聲音尖細； using too high a vocal pitch;
4. 談得太多，說得太少；
talking and not saying much;
5. 感情不充分；
presenting without enough emotion or passion;
6. 對觀眾採取一種居高臨下的姿態;
talking down to the audience;
7. 誇張的詞語使用得太多；
using too many "big" words;
8. 使用抽象概念而不給出事例加以說明；
using abstractions without giving concrete examples
9. 使用別人不熟悉的技術術語；
using unfamiliar technical jargon;
10. 使用俚語或粗俗語；
using slang or profanity;
11. 演講無組織，散亂無序；
disorganized and rambling performance;
12. 說話繞彎子，不切中主題
indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush；
怎樣與聽眾交流
l 要有值得交流的觀點；
a message worth communicating;
l 引起聽眾的注意：抓住他們的興趣並贏得信任；
gain the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;
l 重視理解；
emphasize understanding;
l 獲得反饋；
obtain their feedback;
l 注意聲調，要有感情；
watch your emotional tone;
l 說服聽眾；
persuade the audience;
怎樣變得自信
l 微笑並看著觀眾
smile and glance at the audience；
l 開始發言時要慢一點，身體保持昂首挺胸的姿態
start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;
l 開場白說一些真誠話
open your speech by saying something very frankly;
l 穿上自己最好的衣服
wear your very best clothes;
l 對自己說一些積極的話
say something positive to / about yourself
怎樣組織演講
l 要有一個結構：可以分一二三點；可以從地理上分東南西北；比較與對比；我方與他方；正面與反面；
to have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
l 將材料歸類整理，如笑話、趣事、名人名言佳句、有趣的數據
to label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
l 使用卡片；
to use note cards;
怎樣使用卡片
l 在卡片的右上角標上數字；
number your cards on the top right;
l 在第一張和最後一張上寫上完整的句子；
l write a complete sentence on both your first and last card;
l 其他卡片上最多只能寫五個關鍵字；
l write up to five key words on other cards;
l 用顏色來標記你想強調的詞；
l use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
l 在某一處提醒自己查看時間。
l remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time.