高考短文改錯中的動詞
縱觀94年至97年的高考短文改錯一題，動詞所占比例大大高於英語十大詞類中的其他詞類。94年占短文改 錯總分的40％，95年占27％，96年占30％（註：改錯中還有兩個短語涉及到動詞），97年占60％。動詞的變化 多為時態、語態、語氣、非謂語動詞，還有情態動詞、動詞固定搭配等變化形式。
94年短文改錯：
There is ∧ public library in every town in Britain.
81. a
──There are branch library in many villages.
────
82. libraries
─────Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to
──
83. costs
───borrow them. In some places you may borro w∧ many
84. as
──
附圖{圖}want has∧returned and is ready for you to pick up.
95. been
───
分析：
83.cost→costs。屬於動詞數的錯誤。一般現在時中第三人稱單數形式，謂語動詞應加s，故將cost改為c osts。
87.keep→kept。屬於語態錯誤。 被動語態中的動詞應為過去分詞形式，故將keep改為kept。
91.去掉will。屬於時態錯誤。條件句中用現在時代替將來時， 從is可斷定句子時態為將來時。當主句的 謂語動詞是將來時的定語從句，套用一般現在時代替將來時。故此才將will去掉。
93.send→sending。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。of是介詞，故應將send改為sending。
94.to know→know。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。let為使役動詞，let後的賓語補足語的不定式符號省略。故應 將to know改為know。
95.has returned→has been returned。屬於語態錯誤， 故將hasreturned改為has been returned。
95年短文改錯：Dear Mr and Mrs Smith,
I want to thank you again for have me in your
──
81. having
───home for the summer holidays. I had alway s
82.√
──wanted∧return to the village after moving a way
83. to
──and it is really great to see most of my old
friends again.
─ 84.was
──
I told Mother, Father, Sister,∧all my friends
85. and
──here that a great time I had. I'll never for get
── 86.what
───the steamboat ride. I never knew about a rid e down
───
87. that
──
附圖{圖}some times soon. Father and Mother would love to
──
92.time
──see you. Maybe you could come during a winter
─
93. the
──holidays. Uncle Ben will also go back for C hristmas.
94. come
──I'm sure we'll have a wonderfully time toge ther.
─────
95. wonderful
─────With best wishes.
Yours truly,
Tom
分析：
81.have→having。屬於非謂語動詞的錯誤。for是介詞， 故應將have改為having。
83.return→to return。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。want後面接不定式作賓語，故將return改為to return。
84.it→was。屬於時態錯誤。由and連線的兩個句子， 時態應前後一致，and前的時態是過去時，and後的 時態也應是過去時。故將is改為was。
94.go→come。屬於動詞誤用。從上文我們知道Tom邀請Mr and Mrs Smith到Tom家，Uncle Ben也到Tom家過 聖誕節。故不能用go， 應將go改為come。
96年短文改錯：
附圖{圖}to a American family. They live in a small ─
87. an
──town. It was very kind for them to meet me
──
88. of
──at the railway station and drove me to their
home.
───
89. drive
──The Smiths did his best to make me feel
──
90. their
──at home. They offered me coffee and other
91. √
──drinks. We have a good time talking and laug hing.
──
92. had
──together. They ∧ eager to know everything a bout
93. were
──China and asked me lots of question. In fa ct,
────
94. questions
─────
附圖{圖}
分析：
89.drove→drive。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。drive me to their home同to meet me at the railway stat ion是並列關係，因有 and連線，故用drive，不能用drove。如用了drove，表面上看drove與was 是並列的關係 ，但與實際是不相符的，it為形式主語，真正的主語應是不定式複合結構。註：88.for→of。屬於介詞錯誤， 但這個介詞仍與不定式有關係，屬於不定式複合結構for (of) sb. to do中的介詞。
92.have→had。屬於時態錯誤。全文始終都是過去時，首尾應呼應，故將have改為had。
93.∧→were。屬於時態及漏詞錯誤。因eager是形容詞不能單獨做謂語，所以 eager前應加 were，were的 時態又與上下文呼應。註：90.his→their。這雖屬於代詞錯誤，但仍與動詞有關，即短語 do one'sbest中的 代詞。
97年短文改錯：Dear Bob,
Hello. I learn about you from my English teacher,
──
86. learned
────Miss Fang. I'd like to∧your penfriend,
and get to know moreabout your country.
87. be/become
─────
附圖{圖}My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the
──
89. which
───capital of China. I go to Hongqi Middle S chool. We
90. √
──study quite a few subject, such as maths, Ch inese,
────
91. subjects
────English and physics. I use to play ping -pong a lot
──
92. used
──in my spare time, but now I am interesting
in football.
─────
93. interested
─────
Do you play any ball games? What ∧ your favourite sport?
94. is (what's)
──────
I look forward to hear from you soon.
──
95. hearing
────
Yours,
Li Hua
分析：
86.learn→learned。屬時態錯誤。 “我從老師那兒了解到你的情況”，這已是過去的事了，故應將lear n改為learned。
87.∧be/become。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。would/should like todo是固定搭配，故to後套用動詞原形。 取文意“做你的筆友”，故應添上be或become。
92.use→used。屬於時態錯誤。used to do表示“過去常常”，因下文有now，而且還有連詞but，故應將 use改為used。
93.interesting→interested。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。主語為I，故要用過去分詞表示“對……感興趣”。
94. what ∧→is 。 屬於動詞時態和漏詞錯誤。 因What yourfavourite sport？句中缺少系動詞，
故應加上is ， 且is 又與yourfavourite sport形式一致，從上下文可斷定為一般現在時， 故此才在what後 加上is。
95.hear→hearing。屬於非謂語動詞錯誤。look forward to 中的to為介詞，故應將hear改為hearing。
高考短文改錯中的動詞