2. 在各種……之中，…… among various kinds of …， … /= of all the …， …
例︰在各種運動中我尤其喜歡慢跑。
among various kinds of sports, i like jogging in particular.
3. 就我的看法……;我認為……
in my opinion, …
= to my mind, …
= as far as i am concerned, …
= i am of the opinion that …
例：in my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.
就我的看法打電動玩具既花費時間也有害健康。
4. 隨著人口的增加…… with the increase/growth of the population, …
隨著科技的進步…… with the advance of science and technology, …
例：with the rapid development of taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.
隨著台灣經濟的快速發展許多社會問題產生了。
5. ……是必要的 it is necessary (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是重要的 it is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是適當的 it is proper (for sb.) to do / that …
……是緊急的 it is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …
例：it is proper for us to keep the public places clean.
it is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
我們應當保持公共場所清潔。
6. 花費 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …
例：我們不應該在我們不感興趣的事情上花太多的時間。
we shouldn't spend too much time on something we aren't interested in.
7. how 引導的感嘆句
例：那至少可以證明你很誠實。
at least it will prove how honest you are.
8. 狀語從句
a)如果你不……，你就會…… if you don't …， you'll …
例︰if you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance.
如果你不堅持努力工作，你就會失去這次機會。
b) 如此 ……，以至於…… so … that …
例：at that moment, i was so upset that i wanted to give up.
當時，我非常傷心，最後都想放棄了。
9. 賓語從句
我認為，…… / 我認為……不 i think / i don't think that …
我想知道是否…… i wonder whether …
例：he do oesn't think i should stop him joining the club.
他認為我不應該阻止他參加這個俱樂部。
10. since + s + 過去式， s + 現在完成式。
例：since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自從他上高中，他就一直很用功。