國際婦女節：international women's day
international women’s day is celebrated in many countries around the world. it is a day when women are recognized for their achievements without regard to divisions, whether national, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic or political. it is an occasion for looking back on past struggles and accomplishments, and more importantly, for looking ahead to the untapped potential and opportunities that await future generations of women.
in 1975, during international women's year, the united nations began celebrating international women’s day on 8 march. two years later, in december 1977, the general assembly adopted a resolution proclaiming a united nations day for women's rights and international peace to be observed on any day of the year by member states, in accordance with their historical and national traditions. in adopting its resolution, the general assembly recognized the role of women in peace efforts and development and urged an end to discrimination and an increase of support for women’s full and equal participation.
三八婦女節的由來英文
origin(由來)
international women's day (8 march) is an occasion(機會)marked(標記) by women’s groups around the world. this date is also commemorated at(在紀念) the united nations and is designated(指定) in many countries as a national holiday. when women on all continents(大陸), often divided by national boundaries (邊界) and by ethnic(種族), linguistic(語言), cultural(文化), economic(經濟) and political(政治) differences, come together to celebrate their day, they can look back to (回顧)a tradition(傳統) that represents(代表) at least nine decades of struggle for equality(平等), justice(公正), peace and development.
聯合國從1975年國際婦女年開始慶祝國際婦女節，確認普通婦女爭取平等參與社會的傳統。1997年大會通過了一項決議，請每個國家按照自己的歷史和民族傳統習俗，選定一年中的某一天宣布為聯合國婦女權利和世界和平日。聯合國的倡議導致為實現男女平等建立了國家法律框架，並且提高了公眾對於迫切需要在各個方面提高婦女地位的認識。
the role of the united nations
聯合國的作用
few causes promoted(促進) by the united nations have generated(發 生) more intense(強烈的) and widespread(普遍的) support than the campaign to promote and protect the equal rights(平等權利) of women. the charter(憲章) of the united nations, signed(簽署)in san francisco in 1945, was the first international agreement to proclaim(宣布) gender(性別) equality(平等) as a fundamental human right(基本人 權). since then, the organization has helped create a historic legacy(創 建一個歷史遺產) of internationally agreed strategies(國際商定的策略), standards(標準), programmes(方案) and goals(目標) to advance (提高) the status(地位) of women worldwide. over the years, united nations action for the advancement of women has taken four clear directions(方向): promotion of legal measures(法律措 施); mobilization(動員) of public opinion(公眾輿論) and international action; training and research(培訓和研究), including the compilation(匯 編) of gender desegregated statistics(分列統計); and direct assistance (直接援助) to disadvantaged groups(弱勢群體). today a central organizing principle of the work(工作原則) of the united nations is that no enduring(持久) solution(解決方案) to society‘s most threatening social, economic and political problems can be found without the full participation(參與), and the full empowerment(權力), of the world's women.
三八婦女節的歷史
history
international women’s day first emerged from the activities of labour movements at the turn of the twentieth century in north america and across europe.
1909: the first national woman's day was observed in the united states on 28 february. the socialist party of america designated this day in honour of the 1908 garment workers’ strike in new york, where women protested against working conditions.
1910: the socialist international, meeting in copenhagen, established a women's day, international in character, to honour the movement for women's rights and to build support for achieving universal suffrage for women. the proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries, which included the first three women elected to the finnish parliament. no fixed date was selected for the observance.
1911: as a result of the copenhagen initiative, international women's day was marked for the first time (19 march) in austria, denmark, germany and switzerland, where more than one million women and men attended rallies. in addition to the right to vote and to hold public office, they demanded women’s rights to work, to vocational training and to an end to discrimination on the job.
1913-1914: international women's day also became a mechanism for protesting world war i. as part of the peace movement, russian women observed their first international women’s day on the last sunday in february. elsewhere in europe, on or around 8 march of the following year, women held rallies either to protest the war or to express solidarity with other activists.
1917: against the backdrop of the war, women in russia again chose to protest and strike for ‘bread and peace’ on the last sunday in february (which fell on 8 march on the gregorian calendar). four days later, the czar abdicated and the provisional government granted women the right to vote.
since those early years, international women's day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike. the growing international women's movement, which has been strengthened by four global united nations women's conferences, has helped make the commemoration a rallying point to build support for women's rights and participation in the political and economic arenas. increasingly, international women's day is a time to reflect on progress made, to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of their countries and communities.