英語 - 談談被動語態的用法（精選2篇）
英語 - 談談被動語態的用法 篇1
英語中及物動詞有兩種語態，即主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be有人稱、時態和數的變化。
一、被動語態的用法：
1.一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般將來時的被動語態構成：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
被動語態複習
語態(voice)，作為一個語法範疇，是表示主語和動詞之間的主動或被動關係的動詞行式。英語動詞有兩種語態：主動語態(active voice)和被動語態(passive voice)。當主語為動作執行者即施動者時，動詞用主動態；如果主語是動作的承受者即受動者時，動詞便用被動態。例如：
(1) john helped peter.
(2) peter was helped by john.
句(1) helped是主動態；句(2)was helped是被動態,可見主動態是無標記的，而被動態是有標記的。
構成
被動語態由助動詞be的時態之一和及物動詞的過去分詞構成。被動語態可用於各種時態，其時態變化通過助動詞be的不同形式來體現。如：一般現在時的被動態構成形式為助動詞am/is/are + 過去分詞；而一般過去時的被動態構成形式為was/were + 過去分詞。本冊要掌握的被動語態形式有：
一般現在時：am/is/are + 過去分詞
e.g. football is played all over the world.
i’m often asked to do this work.
我常常被派做這項工作。
一般過去時：was/were +過去分詞
e.g. the terracotta warriors were found in 1974 near xi’an.
they were discovered by workers in a field outside the city.
when was the building completed?
這座大樓什麼時候建成的？
一般將來時：will (shall) + be +過去分詞
be going to + be + 過去分詞
e.g. the result of the exam will be known soon.
they are going to be given a difficult test.
一般過去將來時：should(would) be+過去分詞
e.g. the teacher said the results would be published soon.
選修7第2單元Unit 2 不定式的被動語態導學單（3）
unit 2 不定式的被動語態----the passive infinitive一、不定式的時態1. he hopes to see (see) you again.2.i’m sorry to have lost (lose) your key.3. it happened to be raining (rain) when i got there.4. he appears to have been waiting (wait ) a long time.不定式有時態的變化，時態共四種，即不定式的一般式、完成式、進行式和完成進行式.不定式的一般式表示 動作在謂語動詞同時或之後發生不定式的完成式表示_動作在謂語動詞之前發生.不定式的進行式表示 謂語動詞發生時，不定式表示的動作正在進行不定式的完成進行式表示 謂語動詞發生之前,不定式的動作一直在進行而且可能之後也繼續. 二、不定式的語態1.it is an honor for me to be asked (ask) to speak here.2.he thought it an honor to have been invited (invite) to the party.3.the books are not allowed to be taken (take) out of the room.4. the book is said to have been translated (translate) into many languages.不定式還有語態的變化, 語態分為 主動語態 和 被動語態。語態 時態主動語態被動語態一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have doneto have been done進行式to be doing /完成進行式to have been doing /㈠.主動式( to do / to be doing /to have done/to have been doing)當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的執行者時.1. we want to learn english well.2. robert is said ____ abroad, but i didn’t know what country he studied in.(nmet99)
a. to have studied b. to study c. made d. to make㈡.被動式( to be done / to have been done)當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時.1. he didn’t like to be laughed at.2. he claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.a. being badly treated b. treating badlyc. to be treated badly d. to have been badly treated.不定式在句中用主動式還是被動式，多數情況下是容易判別的，但有時的確比較複雜，請注意以下幾點：1. 在there be結構中。在there be結構中，用來修飾主語的不定式可以用被動形式，也可以用主動形式，在口語中用主動形式的時候更多一些。如：there is no time to lose (to be lost). 時間緊迫，不能耽誤了。 there are still many difficulties to overcome (to be overcome). 還有許多困難要克服。 但有時候用主動和被動可分別表示不同的意思。當說話人考慮的是必須有人去完成某件事時，不定式用主動形式，如果說話人強調的是事情本身必須完成，則用被動形式。試比較: there is nothing to do now. (we have nothing to do.) 我們現在沒事幹。 there is nothing to be done now. (we can do nothing now.) 現在沒有什麼辦法了。 2.在“n/pron + be + adj + to do”結構中，常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。常用的形容詞有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。he is hard to believe in.the house is comfortable to live in.3.在“too—to do; enough…to…”結構中，常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。the problem is too difficult to work out.the house is big enough to live in.4.在“疑問代詞+to do”結構中，常用不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。i don’t know what to do next. she will tell you which bus to take.do you know who to go with?4.在“with+n+to do”結構中。with nothing to do，he lay in bed.
19年高考被動語態試題
原創人：北大附中河南分校高一英語組 王萍
點擊被動語態
——“一般將來時”篇
▓ 溫故知新 ▓
在國中時我們已經學習了一般將來時，這一單元我們來學習一般將來時的被動語態。那么其基本結構是什麼呢？先觀察下面的例句（有漢語翻譯的句子都是名言佳句喔），嘗試總結一下吧！
▓ 例句呈現 ▓
1. if you shut your door to all errors, truth will be shutout.
當你把所有的錯誤都關在門外時，真理也要被關在門外面了。
2. knock and the door shall be opened.
只要敲門，就會有人來開。
3. a friend without faults will never be found.
沒有缺點的朋友是永遠找不到的。
4. will he be asked to help you?
5. when and where will the meeting be held?
6. which topic is going to be talked about?
7. nothing in life is to be feared. it is only to beunderstood.
生活中沒有什麼可怕的東西，只有需要理解的東西。
▓ 小結歸納 ▓
從上面的例句我們可以總結出：
1. 一般將來時的被動語態的肯定式為: will / shall + be + done。如：句1、2；
2. 一般將來時的被動語態的否定式為: will / shall + not / never + be +done。如：句3;
3. 一般將來時的被動語態的一般疑問式為: will / shall + 主語 + be + done? 如：句4;
4. 一般將來時的被動語態的特殊疑問式為: 疑問詞 + will / shall + 主語 + be + done?如：句5；
被動語態“五注意”
動詞的被動語態在語法中起著舉足輕重的作用，也是歷年高考考查的重點。在學習時我們應注意以下幾點：一、掌握被動語態的時態
動詞的被動語態是由動詞be加上過去分詞構成，時態通過be表現出來。如：
breakfast is provided in our hotel from 7 to 9 o’clock on weekdays.（一般現在時的被動語態）
we haven’t moved into the new house because the rooms are being painted. （現在進行時的被動語態）
the sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.
（一般將來時的被動語態）
two big towers were being built there at that time.
（過去進行時的被動語態）
my hometown was liberated in 1949 and now it has been turned into a beautiful city.（一般過去時的被動語態）
the doctor has already been sent for.
（現在完成時的被動語態）
when firefighters arrived, the big fire had been put out.
（過去完成時的被動語態）
二、注意短語動詞的被動語態
有不少短語動詞相當於及物動詞，所以這些短語動詞亦有被動語態。如：
many interesting experiments are carried out in our laboratory.
he is often made fun of for this by his classmates.
有些由“動詞 + 名詞 + 介詞”構成的短語動詞，變成被動語態時可以將其中的名詞變為被動語態的主語。如：
good use is made of the library.（主動句是：they make good use of the library.）
2016屆高考英語語法專題複習 被動語態
unit 3 celebration
語法•剖析
被動語態
英語語態有主動語態和被動語態兩種。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者；被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。動作的執行者,一般由介詞by構成的短語來表示。
被動語態的形式:be+過去分詞（注意be動詞的適當形式要與主語搭配,與時態搭配。by是介詞,by後的詞語如果是代詞要用賓格形式。）
主動語態變被動語態的方法
1）把原句中的賓語提前用作主語。
2）把原句中的謂語動詞變成適當的被動形式。
3）把原句中的主語用by引導。
①主動語態:i study english every day.
被動語態:english is studied（by me）every day.
②主動語態:i studied english yesterday.
被動語態:english was studied（by me）yesterday.
常用的幾種被動語態
1）一般現在時:am/is/are＋過去分詞。
2）一般過去時:was/were＋過去分詞
3）一般將來時:will＋be＋過去分詞
the programme is operated by villagers. 規劃由村民們來執行。
the pencils were made of wood. 這些鉛筆是用木材做的。
the project will be finished by . 這項工程將在前完成。
使用被動語態中要注意的幾個問題
1）否定詞not的位置
①在第一個助動詞之後。如：
his homework has not been finished.他的家庭作業沒有完成。
②如果句中有情態動詞，就把not放在情態動詞之後。如：
it need not be done at once.這事不必馬上辦。
2）被動語態中的by sb.與with sth.
①被動句中，動作的執行者一般不出現。如表示，則用by sb.短語，而with sth.短語一般表示“用某種材料”。如：
英語 - 談談被動語態的用法
英語中及物動詞有兩種語態，即主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be有人稱、時態和數的變化。
一、被動語態的用法：
1.一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般將來時的被動語態構成：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7.不定式的被動語態：to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
英語 - 談談被動語態的用法
英語中及物動詞有兩種語態，即主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be有人稱、時態和數的變化。
一、被動語態的用法：
1.一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般將來時的被動語態構成：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7.不定式的被動語態：to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
中考英語句型翻譯——被動語態
英漢兩種語言都有被動語態，但由於表達習慣上的差異，英語往往習慣用被動語態來表達，而漢語則和主動語態來表達。如：that young man cannot be relied upon.譯成漢語就應該是“那位年輕人不可信賴”或者“我們不能信任那位年輕人”。如果將此句譯成漢語的被動句“那位年輕人不可以被信賴”，譯文就會顯得很彆扭，不符合漢語的表達習慣。由此可見，翻譯時經常進行語態的轉換是十分必要的。英語中被動語態的使用十分廣泛，尤其在考研翻譯中，這種現象更為多見。相比之下，漢語被動語態使用的範圍要小得多。因此，在英譯漢時，大量被動語態的句子需要通過種種方法加以處理，以保證譯文通順流暢地表達原意。英語被動語態的漢譯一般有以下幾種方法。
一、譯成漢語主動句
將英語被動語態譯成漢語主動語態的方法一般包括以下幾種：
（一）保存原文主語
當英語被動句中的主語為無生命的名詞，而且句中不出現由by引導的行為主體時，翻譯時往往將原句中的主語仍然譯成主語。
the meeting is scheduled for april 6th.
會議定於四月六日舉行。
water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.
水能從液體變成固體。
when rust is formed，a chemical change has taken place.
當銹形成的時候，就發生了化學變化。