enterprises that operate at a loss
扭虧為贏（盈）
turn losses into profits
減員增效
increase efficiency by downsizing (reducing/cutting) the staff
增強競爭力
enhance (increase, sharpen) the competitiveness (the competitive ability)
放開糧食價格
to free (liberalize, decontrol, life the control over) the grain prices
從事個體和私人經濟
become self-employed or work in the private sectors of the economy
個體戶
self-employed households/people
個體工商業者
individual industrialists and businessmen
私人企業
private enterprises (companies, firms, businesses)
外資企業
foreign-invested (foreign-funded, foreign-financed, foreign-owned) enterprises
外商獨資企業
wholly (solely) foreign-owned enterprises
中外合資企業100強
the top 100 sino-foreign (chinese-foreign) joint ventures
摩托羅拉是一個跨國公司
motorola is a transnational corporation (a transnational, a multinational corporation,
a multinational).
有限責任公司
limited-liability companies
母公司/子公司/分公司/辦事處
the parent company/subsidiary/branch/representative office
全面投產（開工）
go into (enter) full operation; be fully operational
獲薄利
earn (make) narrow profits
獲厚利
earn (make, reap) substantial profits
產量比1997年增長了2倍
the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold increase; increased 200%)
compared with 1997.
總產值創歷史最高記錄
total output value hit a record high (an all-time high).
生活/物價指數
the cost of living index/the price index
扣除通貨膨脹因素後的人均實際年收入
the annual per-capita income in real terms (allowing for inflation)
連續五年豐收
bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in a row; for five
years running; for five years on end; for the fifth consecutive year)
名牌產品
famous-brand products, brand-named products
精品
top quality articles
拳頭產品
competitive products/ flagship products
創匯產品
foreign exchange (hard-currency ) earning exports
暢銷貨
marketable products; products with a good market; commodities in short
supply; goods in great demand
滯銷貨
unmarketable (unsalable, poor-selling) products
發優惠券以促銷
issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales
有高附加值的高新技術產品
high and new technology products with high added value
售後服務
after-sale services
基礎設施工程第一期
the first phase (stage) of the infrastructure project
兩位數的增長率
two-digit growth
金融機構
financial institutions
商業銀行
commercial banks
發行股票、債券
issue shares and bonds
融資
financing fund-raising
增加財政收入
increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
缺少流動資金
a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital)
東南亞金融危機
the southeast asian financial crisis (turmoil)
人民幣對美元匯率穩定
the stability of the rmb exchange rate against the usd
人民幣貶值的壓力
the depreciation (devaluation) pressure on the rmb
最終將實現人民幣自由兌換
the free convertibility of the rmb will eventually be instituted. (the rmb will finally become a convertible currency.)
與美元聯繫匯率制
the system of pegging the currency to the usd
美元對日圓穩步升值
the usd appreciated steadily against the japanese yen.
呆帳與壞帳
stagnant debts and bad debts; non-performing funds
歐元/歐元區
the euro/euroland
依法收稅
levy taxes according to law
加強稅收政策
tighten tax collection
增值稅
the value-added tax (vat)
個人所得稅
individual income tax
出口退稅
refunding export taxes
保護性關稅
protective tariffs
反傾銷
anti-dumping
補貼與反補貼措施
subsidies and countervailing measures
上海證券交易所
the shanghai securities exchange
股市指數
the stock market (exchange) indexes
股票熱降溫了
the stock craze has abated
期貨市場/交易
the futures market/ transactions
有價證券投資
portfolio investment
牛市/熊市
a bull/bear market
股票指數突破1,300點大關
the stock index broke the 1,300-point mark.
當日指數以1,120點收盤
the index closed (finished, ended) at 1,120 on that day.
該公司的股票已上市
the stocks of the company have been listed.
( have gone public, have been launched)
擁有至少50%的股份
hold a minimum of 50 percent of the equity
一蹶不振的b股股市
a sluggish b-share market
綜合指數停止下滑，上升28點，達到671點
the composite index stopped the declining momentum, gaining 28 points to 671.
道瓊斯工業平均指數飆升至9,850點
the dow jones industrial average soared to 9,850 points.
（香港）恒生指數寬幅震盪
the hang seng index fluctuated violently.
日經指數跌至今年最低點
the nikkei index fell to a record low for the year.
農村/城市信用合作社
rural/ urban credit cooperatives
股民
shareholders; stockholders
國庫券
state treasury bonds; treasury bills
市場疲軟
a(n) slack (sluggish, inactive, sagging) market
市場火旺
a(n) brisk (flourishing, active) market
買方/賣方市場
the buyer’s /seller’s market
報價
quote a price; give a quotation
招商
invite investment
吸引外資
attract foreign capital; lure overseas funds
投資熱點
a popular investment spot; a hot destination for investment;
an investment hot spot
固定資本投資
investment in fixed assets
基礎設施和基礎工業投資
investment in infrastructure and basic industries
國際遊資
hot money from abroad
招標/投標/中標
invite tenders (bids)/ submit a tender/ win(get) the tender
對外資企業有優惠政策
have preferential policies for (give favorable treatment to)
foreign-owned companies
給外國公司國民待遇
grant the national treatment to foreign companies
貿易順差/貿易逆差
a trade surplus/ deficit
年營業額
the annual business volume (turnover)
貿易夥伴
a trade (trading) partner
進出口許可證制度
the import and export license system
改善出口商品結構
improve the export product mix
美國減少中國紡織品的進口配額
the american reduction in import quota for china’s textiles
出口總額達到150億美元
the total export volume (value) reached us$ 15 billion
增強市場競爭力
enhance one’s market competitiveness
激烈的競爭
the stiff (intense, fierce, cut-throat, intensifying) competition (rivalry)
雙邊/多邊貿易談判
bilateral/ multi-lateral trade negotiation
世界貿易自由化
to liberalize world trade
給中國最惠國待遇
give china the mfn (most-favored nation treatment/status)
正常貿易關係
normal trade relations
保稅商品/倉庫/區
the bonded goods/ warehouses/zone
土地批租
land lease
出口創匯
export for earning foreign exchange
金橋出口加工區
the jinqiao export processing zone
按揭購房
buy an apartment on a mortgage
商標是我們公司的無形資產
the trademark is our company’s intangible/invisible asset.
外國公司搶注中國名牌
the rush registration by overseas companies of famous chinese brand names
增加銷售網點
increase the sales outlets
獨家經銷代理
exclusive selling agency
5%的回扣
a 5 percent kickback (sales commission)
直銷員
a door-to-door salesman
非法傳銷
illegal pyramid selling
倒爺
profiteers; speculators
搶購
panic buying
中介人
an intermediary (organ)
展銷會
the exhibition and fair
展覽廳里的800個展台
800 booths in the exhibition hall
反腐敗鬥爭 the fight against corruption; an anti-corruption campaign
推進廉政建設 promote a clean government
根據黨紀國法予以懲罰 be punished according to party discipline and state laws
貪污受賄大案 major graft (embezzlement) and bribery cases
索賄受賄 solicit and accept bribes
權錢交易 strike deals between power and money
偷/逃/騙稅 tax dodge/ evasion/ fraud
打擊資本外逃和走私 the crackdown on capital flight and smuggling
剷除黃、賭、毒（吸毒和販毒）等社會惡習
eradicate (wipe out) such social evils as pornography, gambling and drug abuse
and trafficking
掃黃打非 eliminate pornography and other illegal publications
性騷擾 sexual harassment
吸毒者 a drug abuser
戒毒所/班 a drug rehabilitation center/ course
整頓音像工作 straighten out irregularities in the audiovisual industry
沒收21,000件盜版雷射唱盤、可視雷射唱盤、鐳射影碟和錄像帶
confiscate 21,000 cds (compact disks), vcds (video compact disks), lds (laser disks)
and videotapes
侵權的鐳射影碟 laser disks that infringed copyright
打擊生產和銷售偽劣產品等非法活動
crack down on such illegal acts as manufacturing and marketing fake (counterfeit) or
shoddy goods
不準強迫下屬單位為自己購買豪華車
be prohibited from forcing the subordinate unit to buy a luxury car for oneself
洗錢 money laundering; laundering transactions
在選舉中收買選票 vote-buying at the election
紀律檢查委員會 the disciplinary inspection committee
監察機構 a supervisory organ/ department
武警、公安和國家安全部門 armed police and public and state security departments
身穿迷彩裝 wear camouflage uniforms
承擔法律責任 bear the legal liability (responsibility)
被判六年監禁、剝奪政治權利兩年 be sentenced to six years’ imprisonment with deprivation of the political rights for two additional years
頭號通緝犯 the most wanted man
他在服刑 he is serving out his sentence.
絕食抗議 go on a hunger strike
保外就醫 be released on a bail for medical treatment (on a medical parole)
精神文明建設 (promote) cultural and ethical progress
發揚正氣 encourage healthy trends
制止不良傾向 check the unhealthy/evil tendency
形成良好的社會風尚 create a society with high ethical standards; foster healthy social conduct
糾正不正之風 to correct unhealthy practices (tendencies)
向雷鋒同志學習 learn from comrade lei feng; emulate lei feng; follow his example
他的光輝形象 his brilliant image
表彰見義勇為的英雄人物 commend justice-upholding volunteers(heroes)
/ public security volunteers
立功 render (perform) a meritorious service; do meritorious work
反對拜金主義和極端個人主義 combat money worship and extreme individualism (egoism)
制止公款吃喝 curb dining and wining at public expense (by using public funds)
盲目崇拜流行歌星 a blind worship of pop stars
傍大款 flirt with a tycoon; lure a magnate into becoming her husband
三陪女 a bargirl; a “three-service” girl who keeps a client company in eating, drinking and singing
她愛滋病病毒測試呈陽性 she tested positive for hiv.
他攜帶愛滋病病毒 he carries the aids virus (is infected with the aids virus)
公安人員在火車站抓獲了十餘名票販子
public security men seized a dozen scalpers (ticket speculators) at the railway station.
偽造證件/文憑 forge certificates/ diplomas
開展全民健身運動 launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign; carry out physical fitness programs involving all our people
健身運動；健美 body-building exercises; fitness exercises
健美娛樂中心 a body-building and recreational center